JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi
Journal title : JIHAD: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Initials : JIHAD Abbreviation : JIHAD Frequency : 4 issue pertahun (Maret, Mei, September & Desember) DOI : Doi Prefix 10.58258 ISSN : 2745-9489 (Cetak), 2746-3842 (Elektronik) Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala Editor In Chief : Noni Antika Khairunnisah, S.Pd., SE., MM Indexed : Google Scholar, Garuda, Sinta JIHAD: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang fokus pada bidang hukum dan administrasi yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit LPP Mandala Jihad: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi menerbitkan tentang disiplin ilmu (Sosiologi Hukum, Sejarah Hukum, Hukum Komparatif) dan Administrasi seperti administrasi negara, pemerintahan, Administrasi Niaga, Ilmu Kenotariatan, Administrasi Agraria. diterbitkan sejak tahun 2020. Mulai Tahun 2024 terbit dengan periode penerbitan sebanyak 4 (empat) kali dalam setahun, yaitu bulan Maret, Mei, September dan Desember. JIHAD: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Akresitasi Sinta 5 Kementerian RIstek Dikti
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala
Analysis of the Implementation of Criminal Sanctions for Narcotics Crimes in Indonesia
This research aims to analyze the legal foundations and sanctions for drug abuse according to fiqh jinayah. This research is a normative juridical legal study with a qualitative approach that analyzes the sanctions for narcotics offenses in national law and Islamic law. Data were collected through literature study and analyzed descriptively, comparatively, and normatively. The collected data were then analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. Fiqh jinayah in Islamic law provides room for the imposition of sanctions against drug abuse through the taʿzir approach using the qiyas method by equating narcotics with khamr because both have the same illah, which is intoxicating and damaging to the mind. The form of this sanction is adjusted according to the level of damage (mafsadat) caused, which can include flogging, rehabilitation, imprisonment, or even the death penalty for major traffickers. Thus, Islamic law through fiqh jinayah remains relevant and adaptive in responding to contemporary issues such as drug abuse, while adhering to sharia principles and the welfare of the community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Icha Salsabilla, Awal Diwangga, Asfrianda Mulia Nasution, Fitri Ayu, Akbar Rayfades, Mu’ammar Rafsanjany, Maulidya Mora Matondang
Good Governance dalam Pelayanan Publik: Analisis Systematic Literature Review
Good governance merupakan konsep kunci dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik, khususnya di tingkat pemerintah daerah. Namun, implementasi prinsip-prinsip good governance di daerah masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk di Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance dalam pelayanan publik di Kabupaten Lombok Timur melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Metode SLR digunakan untuk mensintesis hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu secara sistematis dan terstruktur, dengan tahapan perumusan pertanyaan penelitian, penelusuran literatur pada basis data ilmiah nasional, seleksi artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, serta analisis tematik terhadap temuan penelitian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan good governance dalam pelayanan publik di Kabupaten Lombok Timur telah berjalan secara normatif dan prosedural, namun belum optimal secara substantif. Prinsip transparansi dan efektivitas relatif lebih dominan diterapkan, sementara akuntabilitas, partisipasi masyarakat, dan responsivitas aparatur masih menjadi kelemahan utama. Implementasi cenderung berorientasi pada kepatuhan administratif dibandingkan pada peningkatan kualitas layanan yang berpusat pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan kapasitas aparatur, perbaikan mekanisme akuntabilitas publik, serta peningkatan partisipasi dan responsivitas layanan merupakan aspek strategis yang perlu diprioritaskan guna mewujudkan pelayanan publik yang lebih berkualitas dan berorientasi pada prinsip good governance di Kabupaten Lombok Timur.
Copyright (c) 2026 abdul mukmin rifai yasin
Liability Of The Lessee Who Pledges The Leased Object In A Lease Agreement At Transtour And Travel Jogja
Disputes in car rental agreements arise when renters pawn rented vehicles to third parties without the owner's consent, resulting in a breach of contract. To analyze this issue, the study used a legal-empirical method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the collection of primary data from interviews and secondary data from legal literature and relevant legislation. The problem was solved by assessing the lessee's legal responsibility and reviewing the dispute resolution mechanism used. The results of the study show that the act of pawning a rental car constitutes a breach of contract because it violates the obligations of use and return of the rental object, thereby giving rise to the lessee's responsibility to return the vehicle, pay the outstanding rent, and compensate for the damage. In addition, dispute resolution is carried out through non-litigation means, namely deliberation, which results in a compensation agreement without going to court.
The Role and Legal Responsibility of Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Medical Sector
Artificial Intelligence has brought significant transformations to the healthcare sector, ranging from disease diagnosis, medical data management, to drugs development. While it offers efficiency and accuracy, the implementation of Artificial Intelligence also raises challenges related to legal responsibilities and regulations. In the context of legal responsibility, issues such as disease diagnosis, medical data management, and drugs development become key concern. Legal responsibility for potential harm caused by Artificial Intelligence in this sector arises from the availability of information for medical professionals as well as electronic agents that manage patient data during registration in hospitals or online healthcare services, along with healthcare provision and policy formulation. This article aims to analyze the relationship between the application of Artificial Intelligence in healthcare and the legal framework and regulations in Indonesia, such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law No. 19 of 2016 and the Health Law No. 17 of 2023. It also offers recommendations to address potential legal gaps. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of developing adaptive regulations and fostering collaboration among technology experts, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to ensure the safe, fair, and responsible implementation of Artificial Intelligence.
Democracy on Reserved Terms: Gender Quotas, Institutional Power, and Women’s Representation in Tanzania (2020–2025)
This paper is a critical academic analysis of the institutional consequences of the gender quota mechanism in Tanzania in terms of empowering women and giving them democratic representation in politics within the time frame of 2020-2025. Though, the provision of the reserved seats has made women numerically a great presence in the parliament, there remain doubts about how these women have substantive powers, political independence, as well as their democratic right to be. The paper utilizes qualitative institutional analysis to investigate the constitution, electoral, parliamentary, party, and legislative data to evaluate the impact of institutional design on political power and responsibility. The results prove the existence of hierarchical representation and the undermining of electoral accountability and agency of women by the indirect selection mechanisms and the resultant paradox of formal inclusion and substantive marginalization. This institutional organization creates a sort of constrained participation in the democratic process, in which the representation of women is still visible symbolically, but structurally constrained. The study concludes that effective political empowerment must manifest itself through institutional changes that incorporate women into the electoral processes that are based on constituencies, democratize the system of nominating party candidates, and create greater access to leadership. These reforms are necessary in order to make numerical inclusion substantive democratic representation and to make the government more gender responsive.
Copyright (c) 2026 Valentine Flavian Ruhangisa
Problematics of Simple Evidence Regulations for Addendums to Sales and Purchase Agreements in Pkpu Applications that are Not Based on Justice Values
Bankruptcy Law and Suspension Obligation Debt Payment (PKPU) in Indonesia adopts principle proof simple as instrument main For ensure a fast, efficient and certain judicial process law. This principle requires fulfillment element the presence of two or more creditors and debts that have been due and can billed. However, in practice justice commerce, implementation proof simple often done in a way formalistic and neglectful complexity connection the law of the parties, in particular when agreement sell buy has experience change through addendum. In fact, in law contract, addendum is the part that is not inseparable from agreement principal and have strength the same law after agreed upon by the parties. Research This aim For analyze regulations proof simple in PKPU submission based on addendum agreement sell buy, and evaluate to what extent the regulations and their implementation has reflect mark justice. The research method used is approach juridical normative empirical with type study qualitative. Data obtained through studies literature to regulation legislation, doctrine, and decisions court, as well as studies field through interviews. Data analysis was carried out use analysis content with the interactive model of Miles and Huberman for identify pattern implementation laws and inconsistencies decision. Research results show that regulations proof simple in PKPU not yet give guidelines clear normative about position addendum as fact law. As a result, judges have room broad and tending discretion put forward efficiency procedural compared to justice substantive. Inconsistency decision court commerce in assessing the addendum shows weakness certainty law and imbalance protection between creditors and debtors. Research This conclude that without reformulation regulations and standards implementation proof simple, basic the potential Keep going reproduce injustice in PKPU practices.
The Effectiveness of the Prohibition of Money Politics on the Community as Recipients in the 2024 Legislative General Election in Bone Bolango Regency
The practice of money politics is still a serious problem in the implementation of General Elections in Indonesia, including in the 2024 Legislative General Election in Bone Bolango Regency. Money politics involves not only election participants as givers, but also the public as recipients, which is legally prohibited and can be sanctioned. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the regulation of the prohibition of money politics on the public as recipients in the 2024 Legislative General Election in Bone Bolango Regency. The research method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. The data was obtained through interviews with election organizers, supervisory officials, and the voting community, and supported by secondary data in the form of laws and regulations and election supervision documents. The results of the study show that normatively the regulation of the prohibition of money politics has been clearly regulated in the Election Law, but in its implementation it has not been effective. This is due to low legal awareness of the public, economic factors, a permissive political culture towards money politics, and weak enforcement of sanctions against recipients. This study concludes that the effectiveness of the regulation of prohibition on money politics on the recipient community still needs to be improved through strengthening political education, participatory supervision, and consistent law enforcement to realize elections with integrity
Contestation of Interests in Nickel Downstreaming Policy In Indonesia: an Analysis of the Advocacy Coalition Framework
This research analyzes the contestation of interests in Indonesia's nickel downstreaming policy using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). Utilizing a qualitative case study method, the study identifies a competition between two primary coalitions: the "Nationalist-Industrialist Coalition," dominated by the central government and industrial players, and the critical "Pro Market & Environment Coalition". The government coalition dominates the policy landscape, driven by core beliefs in economic sovereignty and national industrialization. Conversely, the critical coalition highlights impact such as environmental degradation and social inequality affecting local communities. External factors, including global demand for nickel in electric vehicle batteries and WTO trade disputes, have paradoxically strengthened the stability of the national policy. The study recommends enhancing inter-agency coordination to mitigate global legal risks and the resulting environmental impacts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Leuryan Cherry Lorenza, Dian Suluh Kusuma Dewi
The Concept of Grundnorm in the Customary Law System: Reconciliation of Hans Kelsen's Pure Legal Theory with Indonesian Legal Pluralism
Indonesia adheres to a pluralistic legal system, with state law, customary law, and religious law applying simultaneously. This study analyzes the relevance of Hans Kelsen's grundnorm concept in understanding the hierarchy and validity of the Indonesian customary law system. The focus of the research includes: (1) how the grundnorm concept can be applied in the context of Indonesian customary law, (2) how to reconcile Kelsen's pure legal theory with the reality of legal pluralism in Indonesia, and (3) the theoretical and practical implications of the application of the grundnorm concept to the existence of customary law. This study uses a juridical-normative method with a conceptual and philosophical approach. Secondary data were obtained from legal literature, scientific journals, and related laws and regulations. The results of the study indicate that: Kelsen's grundnorm concept can be adapted in the customary law system through the identification of basic norms derived from the philosophical values of indigenous communities; there is a possibility of reconciliation between the pure legal theory and legal pluralism through a multi-grundnorm approach that recognizes the existence of more than one basic norm in the national legal system; and the application of the grundnorm concept provides theoretical legitimacy for the existence of customary law as an autonomous legal subsystem but remains within the framework of the unity of the Indonesian national legal system.
Legal Protection of Wife's Inheritance Rights in Polygamous Marriages Not Recorded: an Analysis of Islamic Legal Perspectives
Unregistered polygamous marriages pose serious problems related to the protection of wives' inheritance rights in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the protection of wives' inheritance rights in unregistered polygamous marriages according to Islamic law and the implementation of the principle of justice in that context. The research method used is normative juridical with a library approach, using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed through legal interpretation, descriptive-analytical analysis, comparative, and maqashid sharia. The results of the study indicate that from an Islamic legal perspective, wives in unregistered polygamous marriages still have the same inheritance rights as regulated in the Qur'an, Surah An-Nisa, verse 12 and the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 180, namely 1/4 if the husband leaves no children and 1/8 if the husband leaves children, which are divided equally among all wives. However, in the practice of positive law in Indonesia, unregistered marriages face legal obstacles that cause wives' inheritance rights to not be optimally protected. The implementation of the principle of justice faces challenges in the form of legal dualism between religious legitimacy and state recognition, unequal access to legal protection, and minimal public understanding of wives' inheritance rights. From the perspective of maqashid sharia, this lack of legal protection violates the principles of hifdz al-nasl (protection of offspring) and hifdz al-mal (protection of property). This study recommends five strategies to achieve justice: facilitating access to marriage itsbat, increasing legal socialization, strengthening judges' judicial ijtihad, integrating maqashid sharia into legislation, and developing alternative mechanisms for resolving inheritance disputes.
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Fahmi Natigor Daulay, Septira Putri Mulyana
The Impact of Local Government Intervention on The Independence of Village Government Based on the Principle of Subsidiarity in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency
Local Government intervention in village independence is a crucial problem in the implementation of the principle of subsidiarity in Indonesia. Although Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages recognizes the attributive authority of villages and mandates respect for village autonomy, in practice there are still excessive interventions that hinder the independence of village government. In North Bolaang Mongondow Regency, especially Kaidipang District, local government intervention in villages includes various aspects ranging from development planning, financial management, to setting program priorities that tend to follow district directions. The type of research used is empirical legal research (socio-legal research) with a juridical-sociological approach that is descriptive and analytical. Data sources include primary data obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation, as well as secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study show that the intervention of the Regional Government of North Bolaang Mongondow Regency has an ambivalent impact, with a more dominant negative impact in the form of reduced community participation in development planning, decreased village flexibility due to strict bureaucratic procedures, inhibition of innovation in the development of local potential, and weakening of participatory democracy. The interventions carried out are not in line with the principle of subsidiarity because there is a reduction in the attributive authority of the village through the restriction of the right of origin and the narrowing of local authority at the village scale. Evaluation based on the four main principles of the principle of subsidiarity shows that the intervention does not meet the presumption in favor of the lower level, adequacy test, necessity test, and proportionality test because the intensity of the intervention exceeds the necessary limit and is disproportionate
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Safar Van Gobel
Cyber Legal Responsibility for Personal Data Leaks from the Perspective of Substantive Justice in Indonesia
Digital transformation has increased the use of personal data as a strategic asset in various sectors, but it has also given rise to the risk of data leaks that cause material and immaterial losses to society. This study aims to analyse cyber legal liability for personal data leaks in Indonesia using a substantive justice perspective. The method used is descriptive qualitative through a literature study of regulations, legal doctrines, and data protection practices to obtain a comprehensive understanding of legal responsibility in the digital ecosystem. The results of the study show that cyber legal responsibility still faces challenges of cross-border jurisdiction, weak implementation of the responsibility of digital corporations as legal subjects, and suboptimal restoration of victims' rights. A damage-based jurisdiction approach is needed to reach global digital actors, while strengthening corporate accountability is key to preventing avoidance of responsibility. From a substantive justice perspective, the legal system needs to be oriented towards the effective restoration of victims' rights through compensation, ongoing protection, and system improvements. This study emphasises that strengthening an adaptive, accountable, and victim-oriented cyber legal framework is an important prerequisite for realising fair personal data protection and increasing public trust.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hariang Dede Taufik, Haerul Apandi, Rudolf Paskaries, Hariyanto Aritonang, Andi Haruman, Nugraha Pranadita
Metamorphosis Of Justice And Benefit: A Critical Evaluation Of The Application Of The Hedonic Calculus Principle In The Standardisation Of Punishments In The 2023 Criminal Code
Criminal law reform through the 2023 Criminal Code shows a paradigm shift in criminal punishment in Indonesia from a retributive approach to a more humanistic and benefit-oriented approach. This study aims to evaluate the application of the principle of *hedonic calculus* as a utilitarian instrument in the standardization of punishment, namely assessing legal policies based on their ability to maximize happiness and minimize suffering through indicators such as intensity, duration, certainty, and extent of impact (Bentham, 1789). Using descriptive methods and a qualitative approach through literature studies and analysis of the 2023 Criminal Code, the results of the study show that sentencing standards have accommodated a utility orientation through alternative punishments, an emphasis on offender rehabilitation, and attention to the social impact of sentencing. This approach has the potential to improve crime prevention and social reintegration, but it still faces challenges in maintaining a balance between social utility, the protection of individual rights, and a sense of justice for victims. Therefore, its implementation must be carried out proportionally while upholding human rights and substantive justice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Haerul Apandi, Hariang Dede Taufik, Rudolf Paskaries, Hariyanto Aritonang, Andi Haruman, Dani Durahman
Challenges And Reconstruction Of Regulations On The Responsibility Of Digital Platforms For The Misuse Of Personal Data In The Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem: A Contemporary Cyber Law Perspective
This study examines cyber law issues in regulating the responsibility of digital platforms for the misuse of personal data based on Artificial Intelligence. The focus of the study is on the inconsistency between the development of autonomous technology and a legal framework that is still based on a conventional paradigm. This study uses a normative legal method with a legislative and conceptual approach to analyse the regulation of personal data protection and the legal responsibility of digital platforms. The results of the study show that existing regulations do not provide adequate legal certainty, particularly in terms of algorithm control and the division of legal responsibility. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct cyber law regulations that place digital platforms as active legal subjects with risk-based obligations and prevention principles. This reconstruction is expected to strengthen the protection of data subjects' rights and ensure the responsible use of Artificial Intelligence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Gatot Sihombing, Hana Krisnamurti, Nugaraha Pranadita, Arie Azhari, Dini Eka Setia Gunawan, Dinda Permata Bunga, Ade Farida
The Designation of Money as Evidence in Corruption Cases: A Legal Normative Study of Law Enforcement Practices in Indonesia
Corruption offences in Indonesia not only cause financial losses to the state, but also undermine public trust in the legal system. In the law enforcement process, money obtained through corruption is often used as key evidence to uncover the flow of funds and prove the element of state losses. This study aims to analyse the designation of money as evidence in corruption cases through a normative legal approach by examining legislation, legal doctrine, and judicial practice in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the determination of money as evidence has a strategic role in proving the elements of unlawful acts and strengthening the construction of the public prosecutor's indictment. However, there are still problems related to seizure procedures, evidence management, and the return of state losses that are not yet optimal. The lack of synchronisation between the provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code, the Corruption Eradication Law, and practices in the field also hinders the effectiveness of law enforcement. Therefore, regulatory harmonisation and increased professionalism among law enforcement officials are needed so that the management of money as evidence can provide legal certainty, justice, and benefits in the eradication of corruption in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dani Durahman, Indra Gatot Sihombing, Arie Azhari, Dini Eka Setia Gunawan, Dinda P Bunga, Ade Farida
Criminal Liability of Corporations for Worker Supervision Practices Outside Working Hours from the Perspective of Labor Law, Ite Law, and Personal Data Protection
The expansion of digital technology has enabled corporations to conduct employee surveillance beyond working hours through electronic systems and personal data monitoring. Such practices raise legal concerns as they may exceed employer authority under labor law and violate personal data protection principles. This study analyzes the legal limits of off-duty employee surveillance based on Indonesian labor law, electronic information law, and personal data protection law, and formulates corporate criminal liability for such practices. Using normative juridical methods and statutory analysis, the study finds that off-duty surveillance lacks legal basis in labor law, may constitute unlawful electronic access under electronic information law, and represents unlawful personal data processing under data protection law. When implemented as corporate policy, such surveillance fulfills elements of corporate criminal liability. Off-duty employee surveillance constitutes a deviation from statutory limits of corporate authority and infringes workers’ privacy rights.
Copyright (c) 2026 Totok Handono, Siti Humulhaer, Muhammad Rizki Azhari, Harry Sudhana, Dewi Rahayu
Legal Awareness of Motor Vehicle Users in Muara Karang Raya: A Study of Socio Legal
Sexual violen Motorbike riders on Jalan Muara Karang Raya have violated pedestrians' rights to the sidewalk. This study found that the criminal sanctions stipulated in Article 284 of Law Number 22 of 2009 do not provide a deterrent effect. As a result, motorcyclists view their actions as a habit rather than a violation of the law. To increase legal awareness, this study recommends increasing the fines and/or imprisonment. Confiscation of driver's licenses is a new type of sanction that could provide a deterrent effect on violators. This study will analyze laws and regulations, observations, and interviews with relevant parties.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ronaldo Heinrich Herman
Implementation of Local Wisdom-Based Mangrove Forest Management Policy in Ruar Village, East Biak District
This study aims to determine local wisdom-based mangrove forest management in Ruar Village, East Biak District. The research used is a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing the theories of Van Meter and Van Horn. Data collection methods used were interviews, observation, and literature review. The data analysis techniques used were data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.Research shows that mangrove forest management in Kampung Ruar remains informal and based on local wisdom, requiring the development of formal standards and regulations. Key challenges include human, financial, and time resources, as well as institutional weaknesses and territorial rights. The implementing organization is unstructured and dependent on indigenous communities, necessitating capacity building. Implementers must be serious and conservation-oriented, with communication skills needing to be enhanced through collaborative coordination. Social, economic, and political conditions significantly influence management success.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hermanu Iriawan, Sherina Basan, Edyanto Edyanto
Dynamics of Corruption Eradication in Saudi Arabia
The eradication of corruption has become an important issue in many countries, including Saudi Arabia and Indonesia. Saudi Arabia has implemented rapid and stringent methods to combat corruption, including the establishment of anti-corruption commissions and the arrest of princes and ministers suspected of involvement. This research method utilizes literature review and opinion survey. However, the application of Saudi Arabia's methods in Indonesia faces challenges and contextual differences that need to be considered, including legal context, cultural and local values, transparency and accountability, education and public awareness, and structural reforms. The application of methods from other countries should be done carefully, taking into account local conditions to ensure effectiveness and sustainability in anti-corruption efforts. The process of combating corruption should remain based on the principles of law, respecting human rights, and involving community participation in efforts to achieve clean and accountable governance in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fadly Ilhami
Measuring the Ombudsman's Partisanship: An Analysis of Maladministration Oversight and Its Impact on Public Justice In Gorontalo
The Ombudsman has an important role in creating public justice through supervision of public services, but the effectiveness of this supervision is still hampered by various factors such as limited human resources, lack of public understanding, and resistance from some public service providers. Strategic steps are needed to improve the quality of human resources, expand socialization regarding the role of the Ombudsman, and strengthen cooperation with related agencies so that supervision of maladministration can run better and have a positive impact on the quality of public services in Gorontalo Province. This article aims to analyze the extent to which the Ombudsman's bias in supervising maladministration in Gorontalo Province influences the creation of public justice. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with an analytical method. The results of the study show that: 1) supervision of maladministration by the Ombudsman of Gorontalo Province is still hampered by several factors that affect its effectiveness in creating public justice. The main obstacle found is the limited human resources with only 12 staff which reduces efficiency in handling reports and cases of maladministration. Therefore, increasing the number of human resources and increasing capacity through routine training is important to improve the performance of the Ombudsman; 2) the lack of public insight regarding the role of the Ombudsman in supervising public services requires more intensive socialization to increase public understanding and participation; 3) although most public service providers respond positively to the existence of the Ombudsman, there is still a less than supportive attitude from several parties regarding maladministration. Therefore, there needs to be better coordination with local governments and strengthening understanding regarding the independence and neutrality of the Ombudsman to increase accountability and transparency in public services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jefri Polinggapo, Masjrul Janto Usman, Ahiar Biongan, Muten Nuna, Sarfan Tabo
Identity Politics and Digital Branding of Political Figures on Social Media: a Case Study of President Prabowo Subianto on Tiktok in the 2024 Presidential Election
The 2024 Indonesian presidential election marked a significant shift in digital political communication strategies, with TikTok emerging as a central platform for shaping political identity. This study analyzes the political rebranding of Prabowo Subianto through digital public participation on TikTok constructed beyond the control of official accounts or institutional campaign narratives. Employing a descriptive-qualitative approach and constructivist paradigm, this research examines more than 150 TikTok videos uploaded between October 2023 and February 2024. Findings reveal that Prabowo’s political identity was constructed collectively through visual symbols, emotional narratives, and popular cultural expressions. Three dominant dimensions emerged: nationalism, religiosity, and emotional populism represented through viral “Prabowo Gemoy” content. TikTok operates not merely as a communication channel, but as a participatory and affective space for political meaning-making. This study asserts that effective political communication in the digital era relies not on formal narratives, but on emotional resonance and the ability to engage within a collaborative, visually driven culture.
Strengthening the Capacity of Village Apparatus in the Implementation of Public Administration Policies in Pejeng Village, Gianyar Regency
This study aims to analyze the strengthening of village apparatus capacity in the implementation of public administrative policies in Pejeng Village, Gianyar Regency. The background of this research lies in the strategic role of village apparatus in ensuring effective and accountable village governance policies, as well as the challenges encountered in the implementation of public administration at the village level. The research employed a mixed methods approach, with data collection conducted through questionnaires administered to 60 village officials, in-depth interviews with 10 key informants, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed to identify patterns in the experiences of village officials in carrying out their duties. The findings indicate that the capacity of village apparatus—including technical competence, regulatory understanding, and managerial skills—significantly influences the effectiveness of public administrative policy implementation. The results also reveal that ongoing training, adequate resource support, and well-structured supervision systems are key determinants of successful implementation. The study concludes that strengthening village apparatus capacity not only improves administrative performance but also reinforces the legitimacy of public policies at the local level. The policy implications emphasize the need for integrated interventions between the district, provincial, and village governments to sustainably enhance the competency of village apparatus.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Kadek Ayu Wirantini, I Dewa Nyoman Juniasa, I Made Yunita, Cokorda Istri Mas Kusumaningrat
Religious Identity, Terrorism, and Hybrid Insecurity in Northern Nigeria: Boko Haram, Banditry, and Civilian Targeting
This paper discusses trends of civilian killing in Northern Nigeria in terms of hybrid insecurity, as understood to be the intersection of ideologically driven jihadist insurgency with economically driven armed banditry under conditions of weak state control. The research targets Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) in the northeast and armed bandit groups in the northwest, where sectarian reasoning makes violence mainly a religious persecution problem. Based on the results of the qualitative analysis of peer-reviewed sources, datasets on conflict events, human rights reports, and documented incidences in the period between 2009 and 2025, the article proves that the phenomenon of civilian victimization is not incidental but is systematic and strategic. Although religious identity determines symbolic targeting and narrative framing, both Christian and Muslim civilians are disproportionately impacted by the cross-regional distribution. The results indicate that structural violence, institutional weakness, and relative deprivation permit the armed participants to instrumentalize identity via seeking territorial control, extracting resources, and replacing the government. The article makes a contribution to the study of terrorism by developing the concept of hybrid insecurity as an analytical tool capable of describing the crime terror nexus and showing the shortcomings of militarized counterterrorism in defending against civilians. It concludes that human security-minded interventions that focus on governance, accountability, and socioeconomic marginalization are needed to reduce sustained civilian casualties in Northern Nigeria
Analysis of Culinary Innovations Food Street Vendors From Society in Timor-Leste: Case Study of Street Vendors in Dili Municipality
Culinary business or food business is a household-scale business that has good opportunities for now and in the future. In the business market in the national capital (Dili), the need for streets vendors canteen roadside, continues to flow. But the reality is, if less creativity from society to take part in culinary business to express their creative abilities and innovation to the public through culinary entrepreneurship activities. Although many societies take part in the training, but many of them also lack the conscience to use the science that they get to implement in their lives. The research methodology used by the research team in this research is SOWT Analysis and qualitative descriptive, for primary data to analyze and interpret According to experts Milles and Huberman in the book Sugiono 2018, with data collection techniques and data analysis techniques. The results of the research showed that culinary food street vendors have shown positive signs because they can create jobs for themselves, and also make many innovations from their creative skills such as culinary combinations of food from Europe and ASEAN (Indonesia) etc. The conclusion of this research shows that; When Timorese culinary food streets vendors to compete with foreigners is the main step is the potential strategy for growth is to consider finding investors, make a marketing plan, big first plan and plan to use accounting software, so that Timorese culinary mobile vendors children can compete and promote original Timorese culinary food to domestic and foreign consumers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Joao Antonio Soares, Frans Belarmino Dos Santos Menezes
The Role of Public Policy Innovation in Improving Bureaucratic Performance and Public Satisfaction
This study aims to analyze digital transformation strategies in public administration as an effort to improve the quality of e-government-based public services. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study design supported by a literature review. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation at government agencies that have implemented digital-based services. Data analysis was conducted interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results show that digital transformation has a positive impact on improving the quality of public services, particularly in aspects of reliability, responsiveness, transparency, and ease of access to services. The implementation of e-government systems can accelerate administrative processes, reduce complicated bureaucratic procedures, and increase service accountability. However, challenges faced include limited technological infrastructure, the digital literacy gap among the public, and resistance from some officials to change. The success of digital transformation is greatly influenced by visionary leadership, adaptive regulatory support, and increased human resource competency. Therefore, digital transformation strategies must be implemented in an integrated and sustainable manner to achieve public services that are effective, inclusive, and responsive to community needs.
Accountability and Transparency in Regional Governance: A Study of Good Governance Implementation
Copyright (c) 2026 Francisco Borges Dos Santos
Digital Transformation in Public Administration: Strategies for Improving the Quality of E-Government-Based Public Services
Sales Promotion Girls' Sales Strategy Towards the Heborist Brand at I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport
This study aims to determine the sales strategies implemented by Sales Promotion Girls (SPGs) for the Herborist brand in the International Departure (IDP) area of I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport. This study uses a qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation methods. Informants in this study consisted of SPGs, supervisors, and several consumers who purchased Herborist products. The results of the study indicate that the sales strategies implemented by SPGs include a persuasive communication approach to consumers, product demonstrations, providing information about product benefits, and providing promotions or special offers to tourists. This strategy is considered effective in attracting consumer interest, especially tourists interested in natural Indonesian body care products. In addition, communication skills, product knowledge, and the appearance of SPGs are important factors in increasing consumer purchasing decisions. This study concludes that the sales strategies implemented by SPGs have an important role in increasing sales of Herborist products in the airport area. Therefore, the company needs to continue to improve training and development of SPG capabilities so that sales strategies can run more optimally.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulidiyah Pitaloka Kumala Dewi, Aditya Manggala RS, Ni Made Puriati
Cyber Law Awareness Regarding Illegal Access and Data Breaches in Indonesia
The increasing number of illegal access and personal data breach cases has caused significant losses to the public and contributed to declining public trust in Electronic System Providers (Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik/PSE). This community service activity focuses on strengthening public understanding of cyber law and raising awareness of personal data protection within the legal framework of the New Criminal Code (KUHP), the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE), and the Law on Personal Data Protection (UU PDP). The purpose of this program is to provide education on the risks associated with the leakage of Personally Identifiable Information (PII), the legal construction of criminal and civil liability for perpetrators and PSEs, as well as the importance of preventive-based system security. The method employed is a narrative juridical approach combined with socialization activities and participatory discussions. This approach is intended to enhance legal awareness, strengthen preventive measures, and encourage responsible digital behavior among community members in order to support the creation of a secure and sustainable digital ecosystem.
Arrangements for Consensus-Based Deliberation in the Settlement of Industrial Relations Disputes that are Harmonious and Just
The principle of deliberation and consensus is the spirit of the Pancasila industrial relations system in Indonesia, which aims to create a balance between workers' rights and the sustainability of employers' businesses. This study aims to analyze the legal transformation of the deliberation and consensus mechanism in resolving industrial relations disputes, starting from the era of Law Number 22 of 1957 to Law Number 2 of 2004 (the PPHI Law). The research method used is normative or doctrinal legal research with a statutory approach and library research. The results show that in the era of Law No. 22 of 1957, the dispute resolution mechanism was authoritative, where the state through P4D/P4P dominated the final decision and placed deliberation only as an administrative formality. In contrast, after the enactment of the PPHI Law, there was a paradigm shift towards an autonomous-participatory system that requires bipartite negotiations as an absolute requirement before litigation. However, this implementation still faces challenges in the form of unequal bargaining power and issues of good faith that often trigger "forced consensus." This study concludes the need for a reconstruction of norms that allow law enforcement to test substantive good faith in the bipartite process to realize harmonious social justice for the world of work in Indonesia.
Analysis Of The Role Of Local Actors In The Governance Process Based On Sound Governance Theory.
An abstranct is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding or any-depth analysis of a particular subject or disipline, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper purposes. When used, an abstract always appears at the beginning of a manuscript or typescript, acting as the point-of-entry for any given academic paper or patent application. Absatrcting and indexing services for various academic discipline are aimed at compiling a body of literature for that particular subject. Abstract length varies by discipline and publisher requirements. Abstracts are typically sectioned logically as an overview of what appears in the paper.
The Existence of Communication Science in Human Life in the Technology Era in Timor-Leste
This research seeks to explore, the development of information technology and digital media has brought about a major change in the way people communicate and interact in society. This research seeks to explore the role of communication science in the lived experience of people in the age of technology. This study uses a qualitative research approach of a descriptive nature, which involves data analysis through the exploration of concepts, theories, and interpretations of communication phenomena in society. The research results show that communication science is a discipline grounded in principles, theories, and concepts that explain the process of human communication. This field analyzes how information is transmitted, received, and interpreted by individuals, groups, organizations, and societies in various social, cultural, and technological contexts. In the Timor-Leste context, the development of digital media such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and other online platforms contributes to changing the dynamics of communication between individuals and institutions. Communication science is not only an academic field, but also a practical skill that has important value in everyday life. Its presence helps people better understand social interactions, improve interpersonal relationships, and interpret the influence of the mass media on the thoughts, behaviors, and perceptions of society. Therefore, communication science plays a fundamental role in the development of modern society, especially in the era of technology where information can be distributed quickly and widely
Copyright (c) 2026 Bernabe De lima Araujo
Passenger Satisfaction Level with Teman Bus Transportation Services in Denpasar City, Bali
Public transportation plays an important role in supporting community mobility in urban areas. The Teman Bus program is one of the public transportation service innovations expected to improve the quality of transportation services in Denpasar City. This study aims to determine the level of passenger satisfaction with Teman Bus transportation services in Denpasar City, Bali. This study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. Research data were collected through questionnaires distributed to passengers who had used the Teman Bus service in Denpasar City. The sampling technique used purposive sampling for respondents who had experience using the Teman Bus service. The variable analyzed in this study was passenger satisfaction measured through several service quality indicators, including service reliability, comfort, safety, accessibility, and staff service attitude. The results show that overall passenger satisfaction with the Teman Bus service in Denpasar City is categorized as good. Most respondents stated that the Teman Bus service provides comfort, accessibility, and satisfactory service for public transportation users. This indicates that the presence of the Teman Bus service can become an effective transportation alternative for the community. Therefore, continuous service quality improvement is necessary to maintain and enhance passenger satisfaction with Teman Bus public transportation services in Denpasar City.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gusti Ayu Putri Maharani, I Wayan Sugiartana, I Komang Trisna Eka Putra, Anak Agung Neva Eka Pratiwi
Problematika Pengangkatan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Aktif Dalam Jabatan Sipil Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang 3 Tahun 2025 Tentang Tentara Nasional Indonesia dan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan Yang Baik
keterlibatan militer dalam politik tidak selalu membawa dampak positif. Meski dalam jangka pendek dapat membantu mengatasi krisis tertentu, dominasi militer dalam politik sering kali mengabaikan prinsip demokrasi, membatasi kebebasan sipil, dan memperkuat otoritarianisme. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dasar pengangkatan tentara nasional indonesia aktif dalam jabatan sipil dan ditinjau dari asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual dan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengangkatan tentara nasional indonesia (TNI) aktif dalam jabatan sipil memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas, akan tetapi dibatasi hanya empat belas (14)lembaga negara yang bisa diduduki antara lain koordinator bidang politik dan keamanan negara, pertahanan negara termasuk dewan pertahanan nasional, kesekretariatan negara yang menangani urusan kesekretariatan presiden dan kesekretariatan militer presiden, intelijen negErra, siber dan/ atau sandi negara, lembaga ketahanan nasional, pencarian dan pertolongan, narkotika nasional, pengelola perbatasan, penanggulangan bencana, penanggulangan terorisme, keamanan laut, Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia, dan Mahkamah Agung. Sementara kalau ditinjau dari asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik pengangkatan tentara nasional indonesai (TNI) aktif menimbulkan berbagai persoalan hukum dan administratif, terutama terkait asas kepastian hukum, profesionalitas, netralitas, tidak menyalahgunakan kewenangan, dan akuntabilitas.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ashari Ashari, Agung Setiawan
Influence of Brand Ambassador Heart2heart Towards Consumers' Purchase Decisions for Barenbliss Products Generation Z in Denpasar City
The rapid growth of the beauty industry encourages companies to implement innovative marketing strategies to attract consumers, especially Generation Z who are highly active on social media. One strategy widely used in modern marketing is the utilization of brand ambassadors to strengthen brand image and influence consumer purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Heart2Heart brand ambassador on purchasing decisions for Barenbliss products among Generation Z consumers in Denpasar City.This study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. The sample consisted of 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling with criteria including consumers aged 17–26 years who have used Barenbliss products and are aware of Heart2Heart as the brand ambassador. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale. The brand ambassador variable was measured through indicators of credibility, attractiveness, and influence power, while the purchasing decision variable was measured through the stages of need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior. The results show that the Heart2Heart brand ambassador has a positive influence on purchasing decisions for Barenbliss products among Generation Z consumers in Denpasar City. This is indicated by the high level of respondent agreement regarding the credibility, attractiveness, and influence of the brand ambassador, which increases consumer interest and purchasing decisions. Therefore, the use of a credible and attractive brand ambassador can be an effective marketing strategy to influence consumer purchasing decisions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Komang Widiantari, I Komang Trisna Eka Putra, Anak Agung Neva Eka Pratiwi
Legal Protection for Preferred Creditors in Bankruptcy Proceedings Reviewed Based on Justice
As stated in Articles 1134, 1139, and 1149 of the Indonesian Criminal Code and Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU, priority creditors are parties entitled to demand full payment from the heart of the bankrupt based on the nature of their claims. Legal protection for priority creditors in practice often causes problems, even though it appears to be a normative position. This occurred in the case of PT Swissindo Marine, where KPP Pratama Jakarta Tanah Abang I, as a priority creditor with a tax bill of Rp14,134,021,435, did not receive a proper response from the curator. As a result, its application was rejected by the Commercial Court due to procedural issues, and only received a response through a Judicial Review at the Supreme Court. This study aims to analyze the bankruptcy process under Indonesian positive law, determine the types of legal protection for priority creditors, and assess compliance with the principle of justice. The methods used in this study include normative juridical with statutory regulations and descriptive-qualitative analysis using John Rawls's theory of justice. The results of the study indicate that although the protection mechanism for priority creditors has been formally regulated, its implementation has not fully reflected Rawls's Principle of Liberty and Difference Principle. There is a gap between normative protection and practice, weak oversight mechanisms for curators, and the dominance of procedural formalism that contains substantive justice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Surya Lifia Siregar, Bayu Widianto