1923 | Fourth Semester Students’ Perspective of Classroom and Distance Learning During Covid-19

This research aimed to evaluate the fourth semester students’ perspective of Distance Learning (DL) compared to Classroom Learning (CL) in learning Second Language Acquisition (SLA) in English Department Program of Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika in academic year 2022/2023. This research was a qualitative research. The subjects of this research were fourth semester students that consisted 67 students who were learnt SLA through DL and CL. An online questionnaire was sent to all of the subjects. After the data have been collected, the researchers then analyzed the data by theory of Huberman (1994), the Qualitative Data Analysis was done with three steps; Data reduction, Data Display and Conclusion. Based on the analysis data, it was found that the DL students experienced some problems during learning the theory of SLA, the result of questionnaire showed that SLA learning process through DL was not run efficiently than CL. Moreover, the result of questionnaire of CL students showed that CL process gave motivation for self-directed learning and communication with lecturers and their fellow students was easier with CL.


INTRODUCTION
In 2019, the World Health Organization declared the pandemic of COVID-19 infection, this phenomenon also affect the learning process. During the pandemic situation, the minister of Education in Indonesia declared the learning process should run through Distance Learning (DL). This situation forced the educator such as teachers and lecturers to find effective online teaching strategy, online application that support online learning, the way how to assess the students' achievement and the other teaching tools that have to be done through DL.
According to O'Lawrence (2005), by DL students can learn much of the work at times and places of their choosing, allow students to learn at their own pace, in their preferred medium, or in a more comfortable environment, instructors are able to combine lecture material with specific material offering computer learning tools, for institutions, it reduces operational costs. Some lecturers, tutors and teachers have done a research related with learning process during Covid-19 pandemic, the researchers can use it as reference to analyze students' need during pandemic, however the researchers realized that every students has different needs depend on the situation in the their educational environment. During teaching and learning process of SLA, the researchers saw the discussion among the students in Social media created by the researchers , they debated on which learning process would be more efficient, some students stated by DL, they can be free to explore the material of SLA, they became more confident in speaking up their opinion in discussion then in CL. Otherwise, some students thought DL was the worst way in learning, they became lazier, discipline was receded in learning, they have no motivation in learning anymore. Nowadays, the Covid-19 infection became stable, however, the habit of students in learning still need a process to adapt the situation, some of learning process still done by Blended Learning, some lecturers mix DL and CL strategy in teaching, this process made the students change their behavior in learning. Look forward this condition, the researchers would like to investigate the students' perspective about DL and CL, then the result of this research were expected can be an evaluation for the researchers as the lecturer who teach SLA in next semester.
According to Wofford (2016), Perspective is a part in how the students view achievement in all parts of life, this includes their view of literacy. In this case, it was important for the researchers to understand the students' perspective related with lecturer's teaching model, therefore the teaching goal of SLA can be transferred efficiently.

RESEARCH METHOD
This research used descriptive qualitative method to achieve the objective of this research that focused on survey to describe empirical finding of this research. According to Gunawan (2017), survey research used to collect the information about particular topic from the respondents. In collecting the data, the researchers s gave questioner to the respondents of this research that consisted of 67 students of fourth semester at FBMB UNDIKMA. Following the regulation of Indonesian government, the researchers obtained the questionnaire by Google form. There were some indicators of questionnaire used in this research; the students' response about DL and CL and students' understanding about the material during DL and CL.

Questionnaire Result
The questionnaire was given to the sixth semester that consisted of 67 students who learnt SLA through CL and DL.
Based on the result of questionnaire related with learning SLA through DL showed that there were 48% felt easy to communicate with lecturer during DL, 7% motivated in learning SLA through DL, 30% the material were easy to access and 15% understand the material given. The data of questionnaire result related with learning SLA through DL can be seen in the figure below.

Figure 1. Students' Responses to DL (Distance Learning)
Based on the result of questionnaire related with learning SLA through CL showed that only 5% felt easier communicate easier in CL, 15% motivated in learning SLA through DL, 30% the material were easy to access and 50% understand the material given. The data of questionnaire result related with learning SLA through DL can be seen in the figure below. Finally, the researchers explained the learning option that asked to students through questionnaire, it showed that there were 60% students chose CL, 30% students chose DL and 10% students chose mix the learning model through DL and CL. The comparison data can be seen in the figure below.

Discussion
This research was done in 3 months, started from March 20, 2022 to May 23, 2022 at FBMB UNDIKMA. The questionnaire was given to the students after mid-term test of SLA. This research was done because the government permitted the Universities in NTB especially in Mataram to do Classroom learning. In this case, the researchers have to evaluate the learning process by considering the students' option related with the DL or CL. The result showed that most of the students chose CL than DL, they felt motivated in learning SLA through CL than DL, they stated that they felt educated well when they listened the explanation directly from the lecturer, there were a lot of problem faced in DL, such as need a lot of quota, the signal has to be stronger, etc. As found by Dondorf et.al (2016) in their research, they stated that DL by using smartphone/laptop application led to worse performance.
Otherwise, in DL, students were easier to discuss or ask the material, they stated that the anxiety problem were solved when they chatted the lecturer privately, they were shy when their friends laugh at them when they asked a question incorrectly. Moreover by DL, the material can be shared effectively, however, they need to listen directly in the classroom to understand the material easily, and they also stated that it was better to understand the material when the lecturer explained the material while wrote the example on the whiteboard.

CONCLUSION
Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded that, learning SLA (Second Language Acquisition) through CL (Classroom Learning) was better than DL (Distance Learning).