Implementation of Tana Samawa Customary Law in Environmental Protection: An Empirical Legal Study on the Sumbawa Community
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/79wv1609Abstract
This study aims to analyze the implementation of Tana Samawa customary law as living law in environmental protection in Sumbawa Regency, the roles of customary institutions, and the juridical and sociological challenges encountered. Utilizing an empirical legal research method with a qualitative approach, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentary studies with traditional leaders, the Tana Samawa Customary Institution (LATS), local communities, and local government officials. The findings indicate that Tana Samawa customary law operates effectively by integrating customary values with Islamic principles (Adat berenti ko Syara, Syara berenti ko Kitabullah) and moral-spiritual control mechanisms (Ketakit ko Diri Ana, Kengila boat Lenge). This customary law fulfills three primary roles: a preventive role through traditional zoning and pamali (prohibitions); a repressive role through restorative justice-based dispute resolution (Barampang/Barempung); and an institutional role through the pesetotang function (acting as a critical advisory partner to the local government). However, its effectiveness remains constrained by legal dualism, inadequate formal recognition of customary territories, overlapping authorities, pressures from economic and extractive expansion, and a declining transmission of customary values to the younger generation. The study recommends strengthening local regulations regarding the legal certainty of customary lands and sustainably integrating customary mechanisms into national environmental governanceReferences
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