Sinergi Human Capital 5.0 dan Artificial Intelligence dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Bisnis untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM di Era Ekonomi Digital

Abstract

Synergy of Human Capital 5.0 and Artificial Intelligence in Business Decision-Making to Enhance MSME Competitiveness in the Digital Economy Era. The digital economy and the spread of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation are changing how micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) make decisions and which skills they need. However, AI adoption does not automatically improve competitiveness because it depends on the readiness of people and management. This article aims to (1) analyze how AI disruption and automation reshape competence requirements in MSMEs, (2) examine the role of Human Capital 5.0 in using AI for business decisions, (3) identify opportunities, challenges, and the roles of management and education in human–AI synergy, and (4) formulate a conceptual framework of that synergy. The study is a structured qualitative literature review of 29 sources published in 2022–2026, consisting of international and national journal articles, the author’s earlier studies, and reports from international and government institutions, analyzed through thematic synthesis. The review shows that the literature mostly addresses AI adoption from technological and organizational angles, while human competence as a determinant of decision quality has not been fully integrated. Human Capital 5.0 functions as the ability to interpret, test, and control AI outputs, whereas AI extends data-processing and prediction capacity. Management shapes this synergy through leadership, human resource development, and responsible AI governance, while education supplies competencies and collaboration with MSMEs. The article proposes a five-stage conceptual model supported by leadership, digital readiness, data quality, technology access, and ethics, together with four propositions for future empirical testing. The model remains propositional and requires empirical validation. Strengthening MSMEs therefore requires combining AI literacy training, mentoring, cross-sector collaboration, and responsible AI governance.