Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys
Journal title : Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys Initials : REHAT Abbreviation : REHAT Frequency : 2 issue pertahun (Juni, & Desember) DOI : Doi Prefix 10.58258 ISSN : P-ISSN: 2830-474, E-ISSN: 2830-4772 Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala Editor In Chief : Noni Antika Khairunnisah, S.Pd., SE., MM Indexed : Google Scholar, Garuda
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala
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Transformation of Doctors' Work Culture in Supporting Improvement of Service Quality at RSPAU dr. S. Hardjolukito
Human resources play a vital role in determining the existence and sustainability of an institution, including hospitals as complete health care facilities. The existence of doctors as the main asset demands a continuous transformation of work culture to maintain competitive service quality. This study discusses the transformation of doctors' work culture in supporting the improvement of service quality at RSPAU dr. S. Hardjolukito. The method used is descriptive qualitative with secondary data collection techniques, observation, and interviews. The results of the study show that doctors' work culture is influenced by regulations, SOPs, and internal and external factors, with quite good results (score 4). However, there are challenges in the form of information technology disruption, high workload, and competition between health facilities (score 3). Hospital management responded by clarifying procedures and providing appreciation to improve performance, career, and service quality (score 4).
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Product Service Diversification Strategy to Increase Revenue and Maintain Financial Stability of Restu Ibu Hospital Balikpapan
This study aims to develop a service diversification model to enhance the financial stability of Restu Ibu Hospital in Balikpapan, which faces high dependence on BPJS Health payments (69.3% of revenue). A qualitative method with focused interviews and SWOT analysis was employed to identify challenges and opportunities for diversification. Results show that reliance on BPJS causes liquidity risks due to delayed claims, limited budget allocation for development, and competition from new hospitals. Recommended services include corporate clinic management, medical check-ups, home care, telemedicine, and technology-based premium services. The SWOT analysis highlights the importance of leveraging internal resources (subspecialist doctors, investor networks) and mitigating weaknesses (HR, outdated facilities). A phased implementation strategy is proposed, covering technology enhancement (Hospital Information System, patient apps), staff training, and aggressive marketing to reduce BPJS dependency to ≤50% within 5 years. The study concludes that innovation-driven service diversification improves financial stability and competitiveness in a dynamic healthcare industry.
Evaluation of Non-Medical Goods Logistics Management at El Syifa Kuningan General Hospital
In an organization that requires a lot of work, like a hospital, non-medical logistical management is essential. Hospital services in different sections run smoothly because to logistics management. Frequent stock shortages in storage warehouses are one example of how many hospitals fall short of logistics management standards, which eventually results in hospital losses and no additional implementation evaluation. According to the study's findings, the El Syifa Kuningan public hospital's logistics management implementation is still lacking. Starting with subpar planning, budgeting, procurement that takes too long due to lengthy procedures, storage, distribution, deletion, and monitoring that needs to be reviewed on a regular basis. In order to enhance hospital services, a logistics management evaluation was conducted based on the current issues in order to improve the logistics management procedure for non-medical commodities. Improvements to the logistics management system for non-medical commodities in line with the logistics management cycle are suggested by the research's findings in order to facilitate better implementation.
The Effect of Employee Safety Training Frequency and Compliance on the Reducement of Workplace Accidents at Dr. Nur Clinic in Cimahi City
Workplace accidents in healthcare facilities are an important issue that has a significant impact on the safety of medical personnel, organizational efficiency, and service quality. Based on data showing an increase in workplace accident cases in Indonesia, a systematic approach is needed, including occupational safety and health (OSH) training and improving OSH compliance. This study aims to analyze the influence of the number of training sessions and compliance with workplace safety on the number of workplace accidents at Dr. Nur Clinic in Cimahi. The study employs a quantitative cross-sectional design with total sampling of all staff members (n=139). Primary data were collected through a questionnaire regarding the frequency of training, compliance with K3, and the number of workplace accidents over the past two years. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the frequency of OSH training had a significant negative effect on the number of workplace accidents (r = -0.218; p = 0.028), with R² = 0.048, indicating that 4.8% of the variation in workplace accident incidents was explained by the frequency of training. Meanwhile, compliance with workplace safety showed a stronger and more significant negative correlation (r = -0.307; p = 0.002), with R² = 0.095, indicating a 9.5% contribution to reducing workplace accidents. Multiple regression analysis shows that both variables simultaneously influence the reduction in workplace accidents with an R² of 0.211 (p < 0.001), meaning that 21.1% of the variation in workplace accident incidents can be explained by the combination of both variables. These findings suggest that although the impact of each variable is moderate, the integration of training and improved compliance is more effective in creating a safer work environment. This study can serve as a basis for the development of more comprehensive OSH policies and learning for other health services in creating a strong safety culture.
the Influence of Patient Experience and Patient Trust on the Desire to Return to Treatment at the Calysta Karawang Clinic Based on Sor Theory
Quality health services are one of the main factors in determining patient loyalty, especially in aesthetic clinic services such as the Calysta Karawang Clinic. Patients' experience while receiving services and their level of trust in the clinic are important elements that influence the decision to return for treatment. This study aims to analyze the influence of patient experience and patient trust on the desire to return to treatment using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) theoretical framework. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach using survey techniques on 81 respondents. The independent variables studied were patient experience (X₁) and patient trust (X₂), while the dependent variable was the desire to return (Y). Data analysis was carried out with multiple linear regression using SPSS 26. The results showed that both partially and simultaneously, patient experience and patient trust had a significant effect on the desire to return to treatment. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 83.7% indicates that the two variables are able to explain the variation in the desire to return strongly. The findings emphasize the importance of improving doctor-patient communication, facility convenience, cost transparency, and strengthening clinic image to increase patient loyalty.
Exotic Clinic Karawang's Marketing Strategy in Increasing Consumer Attraction to the Programcontouring, Slimming, and Anti-Aging
This study aims to analyze Exotic Clinic Karawang's marketing strategy in increasing consumer appeal for its contouring, slimming, and anti-aging programs. The clinic faces challenges in maintaining a consistent number of patients amid fierce competition in the aesthetic industry. The study uses a qualitative case study approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. The research focuses on the implementation of the marketing mix (7P): product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence. The results show that Exotic Clinic has made various efforts, such as providing quality services, adjusting prices, improving location accessibility, and utilizing digital media for promotion. However, there are obstacles such as suboptimal communication strategies, limited human resources in implementing digital promotion, and consumer perceptions that are not yet fully formed regarding service excellence. Supporting factors for success include the clinic's reputation, the competence of medical personnel, and adequate physical facilities. This study provides practical contributions for Exotic Clinic to strengthen more targeted marketing strategies, as well as theoretical contributions to the study of healthcare service marketing. Recommendations include enhancing digital promotional activities, improving patient experience, and conducting ongoing evaluations of implemented marketing strategies to increase consumer loyalty and interest in repeat visits.
Implementation Analysis Safety Culture to Improve the Quality of Health Services
This study aims to analyze the implementation of patient safety culture at Kimia Farma Kosambi Karawang Clinic using a mixed methods approach with a sequential exploratory design. The research is motivated by the importance of safety culture as an indicator of healthcare service quality, especially considering the continued occurrence of incidents such as patient falls and the use of non- sterile equipment. The qualitative method involved in-depth interviews and observations of medical staff and management, while the quantitative method used a questionnaire based on 12 dimensions from AHRQ and was analyzed using SPSS. The findings show that active involvement of management, compliance of healthcare workers, and effective communication significantly contribute to the development of a strong safety culture. Identified barriers include low incident reporting, limited regular training, and weak inter-team collaboration. Recommended strategies include strengthening transformational leadership, implementing a non-punitive reporting system, SBAR communication training, and integrating local values into the organizational culture. The study concludes that the success of safety culture implementation highly depends on collaboration between management and healthcare workers in building a safe, adaptive, and sustainable service system, while also offering theoretical and practical contributions to the development of safety culture in primary healthcare settings.
The Influence of Human Relations, Physical Conditions of the Environment on the Work Ethic of Nurses in the Inpatient Installation of Harapan Dan Doa Hospital, Bengkulu City
This study aims to describe the variables of human relations, physical conditions of the environment, and work ethic and to see the influence of human relations, physical conditions of the environment on the work ethic of nurses in the Inpatient Installation of Harapan and Doa Hospital, Bengkulu City. The research design used by the author in this study is a quantitative method. The sample in this study was taken from the entire population, namely 91 nurses in the Inpatient Installation of Harapan and Doa Hospital, Bengkulu City. The data analysis of this study used multiple linear regression tests with the SPSS program. The results of the study showed that partially there was a positive and significant influence between human relations on work ethic. This means that if the human relations variable is increased, the nurse's work ethic will increase in line with the increase in nurse human relations, partially there is no influence between the physical conditions of the environment on work ethic. This means that if the physical conditions of the environment are increased, the nurse's work ethic does not increase, and simultaneously there is an influence of human relations and physical conditions of the environment on the nurse's work ethic with a percentage contribution of 38.5% and the remaining 61.5% is influenced or explained by other variables that are not included in the model or outside of this study.
The Effect of Brand Image, Cost, And Service Quality on Loyalty Through Patient Satisfaction at the Pa Clinic in West Bandung Regency
This study aims to analyze the influence of brand image, cost, and service quality on patient loyalty through patient satisfaction at the PA Clinic in West Bandung Regency. The method used is a quantitative approach with a survey of clinic patients, where data is collected through a questionnaire that measures patients' perceptions of brand image, cost, service quality, satisfaction, and loyalty. The analysis was conducted to determine the direct and indirect relationships among the variables, with patient satisfaction as the mediating variable. The results of the study indicate that brand image, cost, and service quality significantly influence patient satisfaction. A strong brand image creates trust and positive perceptions, while appropriate costs enhance the attractiveness of services without compromising quality. Service quality, which includes the reliability of medical staff, punctuality, facility comfort, and staff friendliness, is a dominant factor in shaping patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction was found to be an important mediator in enhancing loyalty; satisfied patients are more likely to continue using the clinic's services and recommend them to others, even though there are many alternative healthcare facilities in the study area. These findings underscore the need for an integrated strategy to strengthen brand image, align costs with patients' purchasing power, and maintain high service standards to retain and enhance patient loyalty amid intense competition among clinics.
Evaluation of the Implementation of Patient Safety Culture by Medical Personnel at the Amanah Jatisari Karawang Clinic
Introduction: Patient safety culture is a vital element in healthcare systems that aims to minimize incident risks and improve service quality. Amanah Jatisari Clinic, as a primary healthcare facility preparing for accreditation, requires an evaluation of the implementation of safety culture by medical personnel. Methods: This study applied a descriptive qualitative method with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participatory observations, and document analysis involving 12 healthcare workers including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and midwives. The research instrument was based on the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), and data were analyzed using descriptive and SWOT approaches. Results: The findings indicated that healthcare workers had a generally good perception of patient safety culture, particularly in openness and teamwork dimensions. However, the implementation of reporting and just culture was still suboptimal. Supporting factors included managerial commitment, internal training, and effective communication. Barriers involved staff shortages, high workload, and fear of sanctions. Discussion: SWOT analysis led to several strategic recommendations such as enhancing staff-awareness-based training, developing non-punitive reporting systems, and implementing consistent managerial policies. These results are expected to serve as a basis for continuous improvement of the patient safety culture system in primary healthcare services.
Strategy to Improve Service Quality Using Importance Performance Analysis Method in the Outpatient Unit of Balikpapan Baru Hospital, East Kalimantan
A hospital is one of the health service facilities that provides individual health services in a complete manner. Hospital services include inpatient, outpatient and emergency services. In reality, often hospital services to their patients are often still of poor quality in various dimensions, be it tangible, reliability, emphaty, safety and responsiveness. So this causes dissatisfaction for patients, because there is a gap between expectations and reality obtained. In the health sector, patients can provide value based on the satisfaction of the services they receive so that it can be an evaluation for service providers to be able to improve or maintain the quality of their services. The level of patient satisfaction then becomes a benchmark in the success rate of a health service. The purpose of this study is to develop a strategy to improve the quality of hospital services in the Outpatient Unit of Balikpapan Baru Hospital, East Kalimantan by analyzing patient satisfaction using the Importance Performance Analysis method. The study population is patients who come to the Outpatient Unit of the Midwifery Clinic, with a sample of 55 people. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire. Based on the results of the study, it shows two dimensions of service that must be prioritized, namely the dimensions of responsiveness and emphaty. Meanwhile, the services that must be maintained in performance are the dimensions of reliability and safety.
Language Communication Competence in English for Medical Records and Health Information Officers (PMIK) at the HB Saanin Mental Hospital in Padang
Medical Records and Health Information (PMIK) is a profession that plays a vital role in supporting the healthcare system, particularly in managing patient medical data. In an increasingly globalized medical world, English proficiency is crucial, given the abundance of medical literature, international journals, and communication with international medical personnel that utilize English. RSJ. HB Saanin Padang, as a hospital serving patients with special medical needs, certainly requires PMIKs who possess English communication skills. Therefore, developing communicative competence in English is crucial, not only for understanding medical documentation but also in communicating with international medical personnel and to support more efficient administrative processes.
Implementation of Asset Management to Increasing Revenue at Harapan and Doa Hospital (RSHD) in Bengkulu City
Hope and Prayer hospital (RSHD) is a health service facility owned by the local government that is responsible for providing medical services while managing various resources, including assets such as buildings, medical equipment, operational vehicles, and other supporting facilities. In practice, asset management at RSHD Bengkulu still faces various obstacles even though it has a large total fixed asset value. The purpose of this study is to find out the management strategy in identifying the assets owned, asset management and the implementation of management in relation to increasing income at the Bengkulu City Hospital. The results of the research were obtained through proper interviews which were then analyzed so that a comprehensive assessment related to process planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling was obtained. The strategy carried out by the management by systematically carrying out planning is supported by a structured organizing process even though with limitations, it can still collect data and plan carefully. RSHD also persistently implements SOPs that are evaluated and supervised through daily reporting to periodic meetings, this also illustrates the role of management in controlling. Behind that, all the Bengkulu City RSHD is still a new hospital, where most of the assets are grants from the city government, so the implementation of better asset management is needed in the future in facing global challenges.
Penghitungan Unit Cost pada Ekokardiografi Jantung dengan Metode Activity-Based Costing (ABC) Berdasarkan Tarif INA-CBG’s di RSAL Dr. Oetojo Sorong
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung unit cost layanan ekokardiografi di RSAL dr. Oetojo Sorong, Papua Barat Daya, dengan menggunakan metode Activity-Based Costing (ABC) dan membandingkannya dengan tarif INA-CBG’s yang diterapkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan fokus pada analisis biaya langsung, biaya overhead, dan alokasi biaya berdasarkan aktivitas. Data yang digunakan meliputi data primer berupa observasi langsung dan wawancara, serta data sekunder seperti laporan keuangan dan rekam medis rumah sakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit cost layanan ekokardiografi yang dihitung menggunakan metode ABC lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tarif INA-CBG’s, yang mengindikasikan adanya disparitas antara tarif standar dan biaya aktual. Penerapan metode ABC memberikan manfaat signifikan bagi RSAL dr. Oetojo Sorong dalam mengidentifikasi aktivitas yang memakan biaya besar, meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, serta memberikan transparansi dalam pengelolaan biaya. Penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi kepada manajemen rumah sakit untuk mengevaluasi tarif layanan dan BPJS Kesehatan untuk meninjau kembali kesesuaian tarif INA-CBG’s dengan biaya aktual layanan kesehatan.
Business Process Improvement Sistem Pelayanan Klinik Promec Menggunakan Metode Time Motion Study and Value Stream Mapping Untuk Mengurangi End-To-End Lead Times
Process efficiency is a key factor in improving the quality of healthcare services, especially in outpatient facilities such as clinics. This study presents a case study at Promec Clinic in Jakarta, aiming to identify bottlenecks and design process improvement recommendations to reduce end-to-end lead time. A descriptive and explanatory quantitative approach was employed, integrating Time and Motion Study (TMS) and Value Stream Mapping (VSM) as primary analysis tools. Data were collected through direct observation of 100 patients, interviews with staff, and operational process satisfaction questionnaires. The results indicate that the "during examination" stage contributes 73.6% of the total service time, while the "before examination" stage is the primary source of operational errors, particularly in form filling (45.59%) and data entry (39.71%). Pareto and Fishbone analyses reveal that manual procedures, lack of standardization, and reliance on informal communication are root causes of inefficiency. Improvement recommendations include digitizing patient forms using a dedicated registration system, implementing self-service kiosks, conducting periodic staff training, and developing Lean-based Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). These findings offer practical contributions for clinic management in designing more efficient processes and serve as a reference for applying Lean methodologies in primary healthcare settings in Indonesia.
Analysis of Job Stress and Burnout to Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Officers with Intervening Variables Commitment Organization at dr. Nur's Clinic, Cimahi City
As a healthcare institution with a high workload, it is important to understand the factors that influence staff extra-role behavior in order to improve overall service performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of job stress and burnout on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) with organizational commitment as an intervening variable at Dr. Nur Clinic, Cimahi City. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 139 respondents who have worked for more than six months. Data were collected through a questionnaire measuring work stress levels (based on Osipow's dimensions), burnout (based on Maslach's three components), organizational commitment (affective, normative, continuance), and OCB (altruism, responsibility, courtesy, sportsmanship, and civic virtue). Data analysis was conducted using multiple regression tests, path analysis, and mediation tests using SPSS version 29. The results of the study indicate that work stress and burnout each have a significant negative effect on organizational commitment and OCB. Organizational commitment was found to mediate the relationship between stress and burnout on OCB, with a greater mediating effect for stress than for burnout. Additionally, there is a serial effect of stress and burnout on OCB through reduced organizational commitment, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach in managing employee well-being. These findings indicate that enhancing organizational commitment as a form of employees' psychological attachment plays a crucial role in promoting OCB and mitigating the negative impacts of work-related stress.
The Role of Specialist Doctors' Quick Response in Improving Hospital Services in the Eyes of Patients at Advent Hospital Manado
This study aims to explore in depth the patients’ perceptions of the role of rapid response from specialist doctors in improving hospital service quality, focusing on Advent Hospital Manado. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive phenomenological design, where data were collected through in-depth interviews with patients and their families who had direct interactions with specialist doctors. The results show that the speed of the doctors’ response plays a central role in shaping patients’ sense of safety, trust, and satisfaction. Slow responses often lead to emotional anxiety and negative perceptions of hospital professionalism. Determining factors such as internal communication systems, organizational flexibility, patient-centered service culture, and individual professionalism significantly influence patients’ perceptions of service quality. This research emphasizes that response speed is not merely a technical matter, but also reflects the values of empathy and moral responsibility among healthcare professionals. Therefore, an integration of adaptive hospital management systems, the utilization of information technology, and the cultivation of a responsive culture among specialist doctors are needed to enhance holistic and humanistic service quality.
Optimization of the Use of Medical Equipment as an Effort to Increase the Efficiency and Accuracy OF Doctors' Work in the Operating Room at Hastien Rengasdengklok Hospital
The optimization of medical device utilization in hospitals is often hindered by limited medical staff training, unintegrated equipment management, and inadequate infrastructure. These factors contribute to low efficiency in doctors' performance and declining quality of healthcare services. This study aims to explore hospital strategies for optimizing the use of medical devices in operating rooms and to understand doctors' perceptions of their effectiveness. The qualitative study was conducted at Hastien Rengasdengklok Hospital over one month starting June 1, 2025. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving the hospital director, management, specialists, nurses, and patients. Validity was maintained through triangulation and member checks, while research ethics were upheld through confidentiality and informed consent. The hospital's optimization strategy includes regular training, equipment maintenance, SOP standardization, and cross-professional collaboration, reflecting a comprehensive managerial transformation based on technical, ethical, and epistemological approaches. This strategy aligns with the Utilization Management and Technology Acceptance Model theories. However, challenges such as substandard equipment and uneven training remain. The hospital responds with innovations like hybrid training and digital technology integration. Doctors perceive medical devices as essential tools that extend their professional responsibility and are viewed as strategic assets in line with the Resource-Based View approach. These perceptions, rooted in direct experience, support the principles of Total Quality Management and foster a learning organizational culture focused on delivering high-quality and sustainable services.
Analysis of Socio-Economic Levels and Patient Satisfaction Levels on Revisit Intention at the Emergency Room of Pradipa Medika Hospital
The Emergency Department (ED) is a critical unit within hospitals, serving as the frontline for handling patients in emergency and critical conditions. The success of ED services depends not only on the quality of medical actions but also on patient satisfaction and their intention to revisit. This study aims to analyze the influence of socioeconomic level and patient satisfaction on patients' revisit intention to the ED of Pradipa Medika Hospital. This research uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach involving 229 respondents selected through probability sampling. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that socioeconomic level and patient satisfaction significantly affect patients' revisit intention. Patient satisfaction, particularly in the dimensions of reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness, is the main determinant driving patient loyalty to ED services. The study emphasizes the importance of improving hospital service quality by considering patients' socioeconomic aspects as a strategy to strengthen loyalty and patient retention.
Medical Equipment Procurement Management Strategy Efficiency-Based (Study on the Intensive Care Unit of Pradipa Medika Hospital in Kuningan Regency)
The development of information technology in the health sector has significantly transformed patient data management systems through the implementation of electronic medical records (EMR). This study aims to analyze the influence of six variables in the PIECES model — performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, and service — on the tangible aspects of healthcare services. This quantitative study employed a survey method involving 230 healthcare professionals using EMR at the Women Empowerment and Child Protection Ministry Clinic (Kemen PPPA). The results reveal that all six PIECES variables simultaneously have a significant effect on tangible aspects of healthcare services. Partially, performance, efficiency, and service variables contribute most dominantly to improving tangible aspects such as service speed, accessibility of patient data, and user-perceived facility comfort. These findings indicate that optimizing EMR implementation based on the PIECES framework can enhance service quality directly perceived by patients.
Medical equipment procurement is a crucial component in delivering effective and efficient healthcare services. Inadequate planning can lead to budget inefficiencies, service delays, and reduced care quality. This study aims to analyze efficiency-based procurement management strategies to improve hospital service quality. A qualitative descriptive method was employed through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving procurement managers and hospital management. The findings show that efficiency strategies are influenced by need-based planning, value for money budgeting, and transparent supervision. Cross-department collaboration and the use of information systems are also essential for improving procurement effectiveness. This study highlights the need for innovation in procurement management and recommends strengthening governance through internal regulations, enhancing human resource capacity, and utilizing digital technology to support sustainable healthcare services.
The Effect of Social Media Use Frequency on Adolescent Mental Health at Man 3 Tangerang
Social media has many positive influences that we can accept, but there are also many negative influences that occur due to social media, especially on mental health. Social media is present as part of the development of the internet. Its presence offers easy and new ways to interact, communicate, and socialize with the support of interesting features. The number of social media users in Indonesia is dominated by teenagers, so the impact is felt most by teenagers. Good use can improve achievement, conversely, bad use can have negative consequences for children and teenagers. Purpose: This study was to determine the effect of the frequency of social media use on the mental health of teenagers at MAN 3 Tangerang. Results: The level of social media use was high for 144 respondents (53.5%), and the mental health of teenagers was good for 137 respondents (50.9%). Conclusion: There is an influence of social media on mental health in teenagers at MAN 3 Tangerang.
Supracondylar Humerus Fracture in Pediatrics
Supracondylar humerus fracture is the most common elbow fracture in children, particularly between the ages of 4 and 10 years. This injury typically occurs due to a fall on an outstretched hand, causing indirect trauma to the distal humerus, an area structurally thinner and more vulnerable to fracture. Clinical manifestations include pain, swelling, limited elbow motion, and, in severe cases, deformity or neurovascular impairment. Diagnosis is established through clinical assessment and radiographic evaluation, with key indicators such as the anterior humeral line and fat pad sign. Management is guided by the Gartland classification. Non-displaced fractures (Type I) are treated conservatively with immobilization, while displaced fractures (Types II, III, and IV) generally require closed reduction and percutaneous pinning to prevent complications such as neurovascular injury, compartment syndrome, malunion, and cubitus varus deformity. Early and appropriate treatment is essential to restore function and prevent long-term complications.
Legal Analysis of Blood Donation in Indonesia from the Perspective of Islamic Ethics
Although blood donation in Indonesia has been regulated through various legal instruments and is regarded as a humanitarian act in Islam, numerous ethical and legal issues still arise in practice. This creates a gap between the commercialized reality of implementation and the normative expectation that blood donation should be grounded in sincerity, solidarity, and the principle of hifz al-nafs within Islamic ethics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the regulation of blood donation in Indonesia based on applicable laws and to examine the principles of Islamic ethics in viewing blood donation as a form of health and humanitarian service. This research employs a normative juridical approach with a prescriptive type of study, focusing on literature review to examine the legal framework and Islamic ethical principles in blood donation practices in Indonesia. The study uses secondary data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection was conducted through literature study, and the analysis applied a qualitative method to interpret legal norms, evaluate regulatory effectiveness, and formulate normative solutions. The results show that the practice of blood donation in Indonesia represents the integration of legal, moral, ethical, and humanitarian values guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution, further elaborated through Law No. 17 of 2023 and Minister of Health Regulation No. 91 of 2015, which emphasize voluntary, non-commercial, and humanitarian principles. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa No. 23 of 2019 affirms that blood donation is a virtuous act reflecting the spirit of mutual assistance. From an Islamic ethical perspective, blood donation embodies the values of hifz al-nafs and al-maslahah within maqasid al-shari‘ah, serving as a form of social worship that rejects any exploitation of the human body.
The Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in the Neuroinflammation Process in Acute Ischaemic Stroke
Acute ischemic stroke triggers a complex neuroinflammatory response involving resident glial cells, particularly microglia and astrocytes. Microglia rapidly activate following ischemia and polarize into two main phenotypes: the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, which exacerbates neuronal damage through the release of cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, which promotes tissue repair via IL-10 and IL-4 secretion. Astrocytes also play a dual role: in the acute phase, they exert neuroprotective effects by regulating glutamate homeostasis, producing antioxidants (e.g., glutathione and superoxide dismutase), and supporting neurogenesis and angiogenesis; however, in the chronic phase, reactive astrocytes contribute to glial scar formation, which inhibits axonal regeneration. The dynamic interplay between microglia and astrocytes critically shapes the neuroinflammatory milieu—determining whether the response is protective or detrimental. Understanding these dual roles offers promising avenues for developing neuroprotective therapies targeting neuroinflammation after acute ischemic stroke.
Evaluation of Human Resource Governance in Improving the Efficiency of Drug Services: Study at the Outpatient Pharmacy Depot of Mokopido Regional Hospital, Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
The long waiting time for medication services at the Outpatient Pharmacy Depot of Mokopido Tolitoli Regional Hospital has become a major issue in improving the quality of hospital services, as it indicates inefficiencies in the human resources (HR) management of pharmacists. This study aims to evaluate HR governance at the pharmacy depot to improve the efficiency of drug services. Identified problems include workload imbalance, patient waiting times that far exceed standards, and increasing public complaints about the lengthy service process. This study used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis as data collection techniques. Research participants included hospital leaders, medical support officers, pharmacy installation managers, as well as pharmacists, pharmaceutical technicians, and outpatients. The results of the study indicate that HR governance is not yet optimal. Staff needs planning is not based on workload analysis, task division is still rigid, rotation mechanisms are unstructured, competency training is limited, and the performance evaluation system is not integrated with quantitative indicators such as prescription service waiting times. These conditions indicate a gap between managerial policies and operational needs in the field. Based on these findings, improving HR governance is a strategic step to increase service efficiency. The practical implications of this research emphasize the importance of workload-based HR planning, task flexibility and rotation, and the development of measurable training and performance evaluation to support continuous improvement.
The Effect of Competence, Doctor Consultation Time and Facility Availability on Patient Complaints at the Emergency Ed at Permata Hospital, Depok
Emergency Department (ED) services are crucial as they directly impact patient survival. A decline in ED visits at Permata Depok Hospital in 2024 and early 2025 has raised concerns, particularly related to patient complaints shared via social media. This study aims to analyse the influence of healthcare workers’ competence, doctor consultation time, and facility availability on patient complaints in the hospital’s ED. This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, involving 93 respondents selected using the Slovin formula from a population of 1,180 patients. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire and analysed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The results show that all three variables significantly affect patient complaints (p-value < 0.05), with facility availability especially basic sanitation like soap, tissue, and clean water emerging as the most dominant factor. Managerial implications include the need to prioritize supporting facilities, implement SOPs and regular sanitation audits, adopt rapid reporting systems using QR codes, and make data-driven decisions through satisfaction surveys and WASH-FIT audits. Future research is recommended to expand variables, apply mixed-methods approaches, conduct inter-hospital comparisons, and monitor intervention outcomes.
Effect of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium polyanthum) on Blood Glucose, Malondialdehyde, and Insulin Levels in Animal Models of Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion or action. Long-term antidiabetic therapy may cause adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer alternative treatments. Syzygium polyanthum (bay leaf) contains various bioactive compounds with antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Syzygium polyanthum leaf extract on blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) and insulin levels in diabetic rat models through a systematic review. This review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Included studies were experimental in vivo studies using diabetic rat models that assessed the effects of Syzygium polyanthum extract on blood glucose, insulin, and/or MDA levels. Risk of bias was evaluated using the CAMARADES tool. The results showed that administration of Syzygium polyanthum extract at doses of 250–500 mg/kg body weight consistently reduced blood glucose levels, accompanied by increased insulin levels and decreased MDA levels. These findings indicate that Syzygium polyanthum leaf extract has potential antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in animal models of diabetes
The Effect of Environmental Comfort and Quality of Doctor's Examinations on Outpatient Satisfaction at Mentari 2 Clinic Bandung Regency
This study aims to find out how the picture of environmental comfort, the quality of doctor's examinations, and outpatient satisfaction, as well as to find out how the effect of environmental comfort and the quality of doctor's examinations on outpatient satisfaction at Mentari 2 Clinic Bandung Regency. The factors tested in this study were the comfort of the environment and the quality of the doctor's examination as independent variables. Meanwhile, outpatient satisfaction is a dependent variable. The research method used in this study is a verification method. The population in this study is outpatients of Mentari 2 Clinic in Bandung Regency which totals 13,843. The sample determination technique used in this study is the probability sampling technique with a simple random sampling method, and uses the yamane formula with a significance level of 10%, so that the sample in the study is 96 outpatients. The analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis at a significance level of 10%. Based on the results of the partial and simultaneous study, it shows that the comfort of the environment and the quality of doctor's examinations have a significant effect on the satisfaction of outpatients at the Mentari 2 Clinic in Bandung Regency. In addition, the magnitude of the influence of environmental comfort and the quality of doctor's examinations in contributing to outpatient satisfaction was 62.8%.