Analysis of Alcohol and Cigarette Consumption in Children and Adolescents and Its Implications for Crime Prevention in Indonesia from a Criminological Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/jihad.v8i2.10609Keywords:
Juvenile delinquency, child protection, alcohol, tobacco, criminologyAbstract
This article examines juvenile delinquency in the form of alcohol and tobacco consumption among children under 18 years old in Indonesia from both legal and criminological perspectives. Using a normative-empirical approach, this study analyzes statutory regulations alongside secondary data from institutions such as WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The findings indicate that early exposure to addictive substances functions as a criminogenic factor that increases the likelihood of future criminal behavior. Although Indonesia has established a comprehensive legal framework, including Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection and Government Regulation No. 109 of 2012, weak enforcement and regulatory inconsistencies remain significant challenges. A comparative perspective with Singapore and Malaysia reveals that stricter enforcement and integrated preventive policies contribute to better outcomes. This study concludes that early intervention through legal, social, and structural approaches is essential to prevent the escalation of juvenile delinquency into criminal acts.References
Ashadi, A., & Purnawan, A. (2018). Handling juvenile delinquency caused by alcohol consumption. Jurnal Daulat Hukum, 1(3), 678–685. https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/RH/article/view/3932
Mulvihill, C. (2014). Parental and peer influences on adolescent smoking: A literature review. Interdisciplinary Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1), 33–38. https://doi.org/10.18192/riss-ijhs.v4i1.1218
Saragih, K. W., Simanjuntak, R., & Siregar, M. (2024). Juvenile delinquency in the perspective of criminology in Indonesia: A systematic literature review. Journal Analytica Islamica, 13(1), 77–89. https://jurnal.uinsu.ac.id/index.php/analytica/article/view/24677
Sisca, M., & Alhakim, A. (2022). Analysis of juvenile delinquency based on social control theory. Legal Brief, 11(2), 210–218. https://legal.isha.or.id/index.php/legal/article/view/386
Sutarjo, A., Nugroho, P., & Firmansyah, D. (2024). Law enforcement against juvenile delinquency in Indonesia. Res Nullius Law Journal, 6(1), 88–99. https://ojs.unikom.ac.id/index.php/law/article/view/18610
Akers, R. L. (1998). Social learning and social structure: A general theory of crime and deviance. Northeastern University Press.
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. University of California Press.
Santrock, J. W. (2011). Adolescence (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Soekanto, S. (2012). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penegakan hukum. RajaGrafindo Persada.
Health Sciences Authority. (n.d.). Overview of tobacco control. https://www.hsa.gov.sg/tobacco-regulation/overview
Health Sciences Authority. (2018, December 28). Minimum legal age (MLA). https://www.hsa.gov.sg/announcements/regulatory-updates/minimum-legal-age-%28mla%29
Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. (2023). National health and morbidity survey (NHMS) 2022: Adolescent health survey 2022 fact sheet. https://iku.gov.my/images/nhms-2022/2a._ahs_factsheet_bi_18052023.pdf
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Laporan akuntabilitas kinerja Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia tahun 2023. https://ppid.kemkes.go.id/toapsoot/2022/06/FINAL_LAKIP-KEMENKES-2023_compressed.pdf
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024, August 2). Tekan konsumsi perokok anak dan remaja. https://kemkes.go.id/eng/tekan-konsumsi-perokok-anak-dan-remaja
Ministry of Health Singapore. (2024). National population health survey 2023 report. https://www.moh.gov.sg/others/resources-and-statistics/nphs-2023
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Adolescent health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/adolescent-health
World Health Organization. (2019). Global youth tobacco survey: Indonesia 2019 fact sheet. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2019-gyts-fact-sheet-indonesia
World Health Organization. (2023). Global school-based student health survey: Indonesia 2023 fact sheet. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2023-gshs-fact-sheet-indonesia
Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/38723/uu-no-35
Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/258028/uu-no-17-tahun-2023%29
Indonesia. (2024). Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 Tahun 2024 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/294077/pp-no-28-tahun-
Malaysia. (2024). Control of Smoking Products for Public Health Act 2024 (Act 852). https://infosihat.moh.gov.my/images/media_sihat/lain_lain/Akta%20852%20%26%20Akta%20Makanan%20Pindaan%202024/Warta%20Akta%20852%20BI.pdf
