Legal Challenges to Proving Deepfake Video Evidence in the Criminal Justice Process in Indonesia

Daniel Johnson Goenawan, Muhammad Naufal Rionatadiradja, Reyzel Yandika Lim, Denovan Salim, Marchya Gwenerve Mongkaw, Pietro Grassio E.Y

Abstract


Deepfake technology, powered by generative artificial intelligence, poses significant challenges to the integrity of electronic evidence in Indonesia's criminal justice system. This study examines the legal position of deepfake videos as evidence under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Using a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, the research analyzes formal and material requirements for electronic evidence, technical and juridical obstacles in authentication, and real-world cases such as the Baim Wong voice cloning fraud. The findings indicate that current regulations lack specific standards for authenticating synthetic media, creating a legal vacuum and risks of misjudgment in post-truth court proceedings. This paper recommends regulatory updates, standardization of digital forensics, and capacity building for law enforcement to strengthen evidentiary reliability.


Keywords


Deepfake; Artificial Intelligence; Electronic Evidence; Cybercrime; Criminal Procedure.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jihad.v8i2.10613

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Copyright (c) 2026 Daniel Johnson Goenawan, Muhammad Naufal Rionatadiradja, Reyzel Yandika Lim, Denovan Salim, Marchya Gwenerve Mongkaw, Pietro Grassio E.Y

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Alamat: Jl. Lingkar Selatan, Perum Elit kota Mataram Asri Blok O. No. 35, Jempong Baru, Sekarbela, Kota Mataram NTB. Indonesia