Legal Certainty and Medical Ethics for Physicians in the Implementation of Chemical Castration Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/ttxjx987Abstract
Chemical castration as an additional punishment for perpetrators of sexual violence against children has been regulated under Law No. 17 of 2016, further elaborated in Government Regulation No. 70 of 2020. However, its implementation creates a normative conflict between positive law and medical ethics codes. This study aims to analyze the ethical and legal standing of physicians implementing chemical castration, as well as their corresponding ethical and legal responsibilities. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, this study finds that ethically, physician involvement as castration executors contradicts the principles of non-maleficence, beneficence, autonomy, and justice as enshrined in the Indonesian Medical Code of Ethics (KODEKI) and the Hippocratic Oath. Legally, there is a conflict between the obligations mandated by Government Regulation No. 70 of 2020 and the physician's function as a healthcare professional under Law No. 29 of 2004 on Medical Practice. The MKEK IDI Fatwa No. 1 of 2016 affirms the medical profession's rejection of such an executor role. The author concludes that physicians should be positioned as medical evaluation and rehabilitation experts rather than castration executors, and that regulatory harmonization involving the IDI, academics, and legislators is necessary to resolve existing normative conflicts.References
Legislation
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Law Number 13 of 2006 concerning Protection of Witnesses and Victims.
Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice.
Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights.
Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislation.
Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning the Stipulation of PERPU Number 1 of 2016 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection.
Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health.
Government Regulation Number 70 of 2020 concerning Procedures for Implementing Chemical Castration, Installation of Electronic Detection Devices, Rehabilitation, and Announcement of the Identity of Perpetrators of Sexual Violence against Children.
Criminal Code (KUHP).
Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP).
Indonesian Code of Medical Ethics (KODEKI).
Fatwa MKEK PB IDI Number 1 of 2016 concerning Chemical Castration.
Book
Amir, M. Jusuf Hanafiah, dan Amri. (2007). Etika Kedokteran dan Hukum Kesehatan Edisi 4. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Astawa, I Gde Pantja, dan Suprin Na'a. (2008). Dinamika Hukum dan Ilmu Perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Bandung: Alumni.
Dewi, Alexandra Indriyanti. (2008). Etika dan Hukum Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Book Publisher.
Hanafi, Mahrus. (2015). Sistem Pertanggungjawaban Pidana. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Koeswadji, Hermin Hadiati. (1996). Hukum Kedokteran. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
Muhammad, Abdulkadir. (2006). Etika Profesi Hukum. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
Nasution, Bahder Johan. (2013). Hukum Kesehatan (Pertanggungjawaban Dokter). Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.
Purbacaraka, Purnadi. (1986). Penggarapan Disiplin Hukum dan Filsafat Hukum bagi Pendidikan Hukum. Jakarta: CV. Rajawali.
Soesilo, R. (2013). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Bogor: Politea.
Wignjosoebroto, Soetandyo. (2008). Hukum dalam Masyarakat. Jawa Timur: Bayumedia Publishing.
Journals and Articles
Adhana, Jihan Nika Rohfatul. (2022). Kedudukan Hukum Dokter yang Menolak sebagai Eksekutor Kebiri Kimia. Journal of Law, Vol. 2, h. 1772.
Afifah, Wiwik. (2020). Kewenangan Dokter dalam Melaksanakan Eksekusi Hukuman Kebiri. Al-Daulah: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam, Volume 10, No. 2, hlm. 312–313.
Alam, Kodrat. (2022). Chemical Castration Execution Model through The Administration of Police Medical Operation. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, Vol. 22, hlm. 76.
Efendi, Achmad Taufan. (2023). Tanggung Jawab Yuridis Dokter terhadap Terpidana Kebiri Kimia sebagai Eksekutor. Jurnal Hukum dan Hukum Islam, Vol. 10, hlm. 40.
Hidayatullah, Syaiful, Otto Yudianto, dkk. (2022). Wewenang Dokter sebagai Eksekutor Tindakan Kebiri Kimia. Jurnal Hukum Untag, hlm. 7.
Noviana, Ivo. (2015). Kekerasan Seksual terhadap Anak: Dampak dan Penanganannya. Jurnal Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial, Vol. 1, No. 1, hlm. 15.
Purwita Kartika, Ari, M. Lutfi Rizal Farid, dan Ihza Rashi Nandira Putri. (2020). Reformulasi Eksekusi Kebiri Kimia guna Menjamin Kepastian Hukum bagi Tenaga Medis/Dokter dan Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pelaku Pedofilia. JH Ius Quia Iustum, Vol. 27, hlm. 346–363.
Rizal, Sofian Syaiful. (2021). Penjatuhan Kebiri Kimia bagi Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual Anak dalam Perspektif HAM. Jurnal Universitas Nurul Jadid, hlm. 58.
Suryadi, Taufik. (2009). Prinsip-Prinsip Etika dan Hukum dalam Profesi Kedokteran. Jurnal Humaniora FK, hlm. 5.
Usman. (2020). Analisis Perkembangan Teori Hukum Pidana. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, hlm. 64.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aldhitama Ramadhan, Hery Dwi Utomo, Rina Arum Prastyanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
