Understanding Digital Entrepreneurship Ecosystems in Emerging Economies: Evidence from Government and Industry Reports
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/dibi.pmqry843Keywords:
Digital entrepreneurship, Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem, Digital business innovation, Qualitative content analysis, Emerging economiesAbstract
Digital entrepreneurship has become a key driver of business innovation and economic transformation in emerging economies. However, existing studies have primarily focused on entrepreneurs or firms, providing limited understanding of how broader institutional environments collectively shape digital entrepreneurship ecosystems. This study aims to explore the characteristics of digital entrepreneurship ecosystems in emerging economies by synthesizing evidence from government and industry reports. A qualitative research design employing Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) was adopted to systematically examine publicly available documents published by government agencies, international organizations, and industry institutions between 2020 and 2025. The analysis identified five major ecosystem dimensions: institutional support, digital infrastructure, human capital development, innovation networks, and financial accessibility. These dimensions interact dynamically to facilitate digital business innovation and create an enabling environment for entrepreneurial growth. The findings suggest that digital entrepreneurship is not solely influenced by individual entrepreneurial capabilities but is fundamentally embedded within an interconnected ecosystem involving governments, educational institutions, financial organizations, technology providers, and innovation intermediaries. This study contributes to the literature by extending digital entrepreneurship research from a firm-level perspective toward an ecosystem-based perspective and by demonstrating the value of qualitative content analysis of secondary documentary sources for theory development. The proposed conceptual framework provides practical insights for policymakers and business support organizations seeking to strengthen digital entrepreneurship ecosystems and promote sustainable digital business innovation in emerging economies.References
Ahmed, S., Xing, K., Mahmood, S., Khan, N., & Kamil, M. (2025). Assessing Innovation Performance Through International Technology Transfer Among Interplay of Collaborative Practices and Absorptive Capabilities. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 17(3), 7013–7039. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-025-02804-8
Ahn, S., Kim, K.-S., & Lee, K.-H. (2022). Technological Capabilities, Entrepreneurship and Innovation of Technology-Based Start-Ups: The Resource-Based View. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030156
Alfehaid, F., & Omri, A. (2026). Strategic Implications of Entrepreneurship for Economic Sustainability: The Roles of Entrepreneurial Governance and Digital Infrastructure. Sustainable Development. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.70765
Aloulou, W. J., Alsadi, A. K., Ayadi, F. M., & Alaskar, T. H. (2024). Exploring the Effects of Entrepreneurial and Digital Orientations on the Competitive Advantage of Saudi Firms: Is Strategic Agility the Missing Link? Administrative Sciences, 14(11), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14110306
Alzate-Alvarado, A. L., Ribes-Giner, G., & Moya-Clemente, I. (2025). Influence of technological capability, management teams and access to finance on sustainable entrepreneurship over time. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 21(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-025-01106-4
Arsanti, T. A., Rupidara, N., & Bondarouk, T. (2024). Managing knowledge flows within open innovation: knowledge sharing and absorption mechanisms in collaborative innovation. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2351832
Ashkani, M., Dana, L.-P., Rashidi, A., Shafaei, F., & Salamzadeh, A. (2026). Drivers and Sustainable Performance Outcomes of AI Adoption Intention: A Multi-Theoretical Analysis in the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem. Sustainability, 18(3), 1417. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18031417
Autio, E., Komlósi, É., Szerb, L., Galambosné Tiszberger, M., Park, D., & Jinjarak, Y. (2025). Digital entrepreneurship landscapes in developing Asia: insights from the Global Index of Digital Entrepreneurship Systems. European Journal of Innovation Management, 28(7), 2845–2872. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2024-0121
Bamfo, B. A., Asiedu-Appiah, F., & Ameza-Xemalordzo, E. (2023). Developing a framework for entrepreneurship ecosystem for developing countries: The application of institutional theory. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2195967
Bawa, S., Benin, I. W., & Almudaihesh, A. S. (2024). Innovation Networks and Knowledge Diffusion Across Industries: An Empirical Study from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability, 16(24), 11308. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411308
Benhayoun, I., & Zejjari, I. (2026). Investigating micro-level determinants of IFRS for SMEs prospective adoption in emerging economies – evidence from Morocco. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 16(4), 720–749. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-06-2024-0283
Chaudhuri, R., Chatterjee, S., Vrontis, P. D., & Vicentini, F. (2023). Effects of human capital on entrepreneurial ecosystems in the emerging economy: the mediating role of digital knowledge and innovative capability from India perspective. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 24(1), 283–305. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2021-0177
Das, D. K. (2024). Exploring the Symbiotic Relationship between Digital Transformation, Infrastructure, Service Delivery, and Governance for Smart Sustainable Cities. Smart Cities, 7(2), 806–835. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7020034
Gan, T., Zhang, M., & Zhang, Z. (2023). The impact of digital government policy on entrepreneurial activity in China. Economic Analysis and Policy, 79, 479–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2023.06.029
Garcez, A., Silva, R., & Franco, M. (2022). Digital transformation shaping structural pillars for academic entrepreneurship: A framework proposal and research agenda. Education and Information Technologies, 27(1), 1159–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10638-5
Gonçalves, L., Faccin, K., Garay, J., Zarpelon, F., & Balestrin, A. (2024). The development of Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: An institutional work approach. Cities, 146, 104747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104747
Grimaldi, M., Troisi, O., Papa, A., & de Nuccio, E. (2026). Conceptualizing data-driven entrepreneurship: from knowledge creation to entrepreneurial opportunities and innovation. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 51(3), 1341–1392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10176-5
Hajli, N., Baydarova, I., & Nisar, T. (2025). Digital entrepreneurial ecosystem: the role of the sharing economy in driving innovation. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 37(5–6), 785–815. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2024.2444908
Herman, E. (2022). The Interplay between Digital Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in the Context of the EU Digital Economy: A Multivariate Analysis. Mathematics, 10(10), 1682. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10101682
Kayser, K., Telukdarie, A., & Philbin, S. P. (2023). Digital Start-Up Ecosystems: A Systematic Literature Review and Model Development for South Africa. Sustainability, 15(16), 12513. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612513
Kreiterling, C. (2023). Digital innovation and entrepreneurship: a review of challenges in competitive markets. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00320-0
Kwilinski, A., Makieła, Z., Lyulyov, O., Pimonenko, T., & Rebilas, R. (2026). Do digital small and medium-sized enterprises drive greeneconomic growth in the European Union? Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 14(2), 41–61. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2026.140203
Marra, M. (2022). Productive interactions in digital training partnerships: Lessons learned for regional development and university societal impact assessment. Evaluation and Program Planning, 95, 102173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102173
Mathibe, M. S., & Oppong, C. (2025). Enhancing Financial Inclusion and Entrepreneurship Drive in Africa: Do Digital Technologies Matter? Business Strategy & Development, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.70202
Medaglia, R., Rukanova, B., & Zhang, Z. (2024). Digital government and the circular economy transition: An analytical framework and a research agenda. Government Information Quarterly, 41(1), 101904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2023.101904
Nan, M., & Huang, L. (2024). Innovation Ecosystems: A Cross-Industry Examination of Knowledge Flows and Collaboration Dynamics. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16(1), 26–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-024-01986-x
Purnamasari, R., Hasanudin, A. I., Zulfikar, R., & Yazid, H. (2025). Technological infrastructure and financial resource availability in enhancing public services and government performance: The role of digital innovation adoption in Indonesia. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11, 101621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101621
Sitnicki, M. W., Iwanowska, B., Kapranov, Y., Klapkiv, J., Dluhopolskyi, O., Panasyuk, V., & Halynskyi, D. (2026). Digitalisation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems as Drivers of Energy Start-Ups: Evidence from Cross-Country Panel Data. Sustainability, 18(11), 5475. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18115475
Srivastava, S., Patil, A., Dwivedi, A., & Pamucar, D. (2026). Studying the contribution of digital economy on entrepreneurship and innovative systems: pathway to sustainable development. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-08-2024-0329
Sugeng, S., & Widya Romasindah Aidy. (2025). Regulating Digital Finance for Small and Medium Enterprises Growth: Lessons From Thailand and Malaysia.
Yuridika, 40(1), 67–96. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v40i1.55888
Szerb, L., Acs, Z. J., Apostol, S., Lafuente, E., & Szakos, J. (2026). The digital entrepreneurship ecosystem index: concept and measurement. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 22(3), 233–317. https://doi.org/10.1108/FTENT-07-2025-0142
Tekic, A., & Kurnosova, E. (2025). Entrepreneurial ecosystem performance in advanced and emerging economies: the role of contextual factors. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 20(11), 4476–4498. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-08-2023-1322
Thomann, E., Ege, J., & Paustyan, E. (2022). Approaches to Qualitative Comparative Analysis and good practices: A systematic review. Swiss Political Science Review, 28(3), 557–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/spsr.12503
Tondro, M., Jahanbakth, M., & Ozay, D. (2025). Exploring the Role of Information Technology and Digital Innovation in Socio-Economic Development: A Case Study of Startup and Home-Based Businesses. IEEE Access, 13, 155064–155083. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3579806
Troise, C., Jones, P., Candelo, E., & Sorrentino, M. (2026). The role of entrepreneurial alertness, digital platform capability, organisational agility and business model innovation on young innovative companies’ performance. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 38(3), 265–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2023.2209223
Wang, S., Gao, M., & Zhang, H. (2025). Enhancing Creativity and Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through Data-Driven Decision-Making and Digital Leadership. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 72, 1361–1375. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2025.3551331
Wei, F., Xie, B., & Chen, M. (2025). Digital financial inclusion, e-commerce development and entrepreneurial activity. International Review of Financial Analysis, 97, 103806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103806
Wurth, B., Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2023). Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Mechanisms. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 19(3), 224–339. https://doi.org/10.1561/0300000089
Xing, Z., Fang, D., Wang, J., & Zhang, L. (2025). How does institutional theory illuminate the influence of the digital economy on R&D networks? European Journal of Innovation Management, 28(8), 3418–3439. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-11-2023-0958
Zahra, S. A., Liu, W., & Si, S. (2023). How digital technology promotes entrepreneurship in ecosystems. Technovation, 119, 102457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102457
Zhai, Y., Yang, K., Chen, L., Lin, H., Yu, M., & Jin, R. (2023). Digital entrepreneurship: global maps and trends of research. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 38(3), 637–655. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-05-2021-0244
Zhang, J., van Gorp, D., & Kievit, H. (2023). Digital technology and national entrepreneurship: An ecosystem perspective. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 48(3), 1077–1105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-022-09934-0
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Adi Purmanto, Dian Aulia Mutia Sari, Salman Alam (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.




