Antioxidant Activity and Stability of Chinese Betel Leaf Extract Lotion Preparation (Peperomia pellucida) as a Skin Moisturizer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/ghm1ph98Abstract
Skin is highly susceptible to damage from ultraviolet exposure, environmental pollution, and free radicals, which accelerate premature aging and skin dryness. Peperomia pellucida (Chinese betel) leaves contain secondary metabolites—flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids—that are potential sources of natural antioxidants. This laboratory-based experimental study aimed to formulate P. pellucida leaf extract into a lotion and to evaluate its antioxidant activity, physical stability, and moisturizing effectiveness. The extract was obtained by maceration in 70% ethanol and formulated into three concentrations (2%, 3%, and 5%). Evaluations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, emulsion-type, irritation, skin-moisture (skin analyzer), hedonic, and DPPH antioxidant assays; stability was assessed through a six-cycle cycling test. The extract tested positive for flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids, with an IC50 of 8.995 µg/mL (very strong category). The three lotion formulas were homogeneous, physically stable, oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, with post-cycling pH ranging from 7.29–7.92. The IC50 values of lotions F1, F2, and F3 were 24.704, 22.464, and 21.231 µg/mL, respectively (strong category), while the moisturizing test showed a significant increase in skin hydration (p < 0.05) without causing irritation. It is concluded that P. pellucida leaf extract can be formulated into a stable lotion with strong antioxidant activity and effective moisturizing properties.References
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