Evaluation of Doctors' Perceptions in Optimizing the Use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) through the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58258/6tzv4559Abstract
Electronic medical record (EMR) is a key component of Indonesia's digital health transformation, yet physicians' acceptance of EMR is rarely examined once use becomes mandatory. This study evaluated physicians' perceptions of EMR use at a private type C hospital in Pontianak that adopted the Medinfras EMR in 2015 and upgraded it in 2024. Four constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were examined: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using, and behavioral intention. A descriptive qualitative design was applied. Ten physicians were interviewed in depth until data saturation, and participant observation and document review supported triangulation. Perceptions were generally positive: initial adaptation was quick, all informants accepted EMR and intended to keep using it, and most judged it faster and more systematic than paper records. However, eight of ten informants reported recurring system-control problems, six of ten reported no productivity gain, and willingness to adapt to future updates was often conditional on training. Meanwhile, the most substantial finding is the gap between these positive perceptions and actual documentation completeness, that mandatory patient assessments in the first semester of 2026 were still mostly incomplete. Under mandatory use, positive attitudes and intentions did not guarantee complete documentation, so optimization should target system stability and time burden.References
[1] M. Amatayakul, Electronic Health Records: A Practical Guide for Professionals and Organizations. American Health Information Management Association, 2013.
[2] W. D. C. Sari and S. J. Purba, “Transformasi digital dalam kesehatan: Tinjauan literatur tentang inovasi, tantangan, dan dampak teknologi kesehatan digital,” Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 45195–45201, 2024.
[3] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Transformasi Kesehatan Mewujudkan Masyarakat Indonesia Sehat dan Unggul. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2023.
[4] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2022.
[5] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Surat Edaran Menteri Kesehatan Nomor HK.02.01/MENKES/1030/2023 tentang Sanksi Administratif Penyelenggaraan Rekam Medis Elektronik. Jakarta, Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2023.
[6] L. A. Husnaeni and A. S. Susanti, “Analisis penerimaan SIMRS menggunakan metode TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) di RS Hermina Arcamanik Bandung,” Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 107–116, 2023.
[7] I. D. Purwandi, “Evaluasi penerimaan pengguna terhadap penerapan rekam medis elektronik dengan pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) di unit rawat jalan rumah sakit,” Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Research Repository, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2018.
[8] N. Ulva et al., “Transformasi pelayanan publik berbasis digital di era modernisasi Dinas Kesehatan Kota Probolinggo,” Jurnal Sains Riset, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 745–753, 2024.
[9] S. Siswati, T. Ernawati, and M. Khairunnisa, “Analisis tantangan kesiapan implementasi rekam medis elektronik di Puskesmas Kota Padang,” Jurnal Kesehatan Vokasional, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 2024.
[10] W. Chitrayuni, R. Andriani, and I. W. P. Agung, “Evaluasi penerapan rekam medis elektronik dalam meningkatkan pelayanan teknis di Poli Umum Puskesmas Binuang Kabupaten Serang - Banten,” Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 980–994, Mar. 2026.
[11] RS Mitra Medika Pontianak, “Tentang RS Mitra Medika,” 2025. [Online]. Available: https://mitramedikahealthcare.com/tentang/profil-kami
[12] T. Herawati, “Analisis kelengkapan pengisian SOAP pada rekam medis elektronik rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Cirebon,” Medical Journal Awatara, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 65–69, 2024.
[13] O. A. Buono, “Evaluasi penerapan rekam medis rawat jalan menggunakan metode Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) di RSUD Pandan Arang Boyolali tahun 2025,” Thesis, Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia, 2025.
[14] F. D. Davis, “A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results,” Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, 1985.
[15] F. D. Davis, “Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology,” MIS Quarterly, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 319–340, 1989.
[16] Intansari, M. Rahmaniati, and D. F. Hapsari, “Evaluasi penerapan rekam medis elektronik dengan pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model di Rumah Sakit X di Kota Surabaya,” J-REMI: Jurnal Rekam Medik dan Informasi Kesehatan, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 108–117, 2023.
[17] B. Jaya et al., “Evaluasi penerapan rekam medis elektronik di unit rawat jalan Rumah Sakit Panti Waluya Malang,” Jurnal ASSYIFA, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2025.
[18] N. Hayati, A. A. I. Dewiyani, P. Y. Trisnanto, and R. Fadila, “Evaluasi efektivitas penerapan rekam medis elektronik (RME) di RS Tk. II dr. Soepraoen menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model,” Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 2421–2432, 2025, doi: 10.54082/jupin.1512.
[19] S. S. P. Yadita and M. Rezal, “Evaluasi penerapan aplikasi Medinfras pada rawat inap menggunakan metode Technology Acceptance Model di Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya,” Jurnal Manajemen Informasi Kesehatan Indonesia, vol. 13, no. 1, 2025.
[20] D. A. Putri, Sulistyawati, and M. S. Hidayat, “Evaluasi penerapan rekam medis elektronik pada rumah sakit di Indonesia dengan metode TAM: Literature review,” Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan (JUVOKES), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 137–148, 2025.
[21] P. Watson, Learning Packages for Medical Record Practice: Package Two – Unit 4, Disease and Operation Classification and Indexing. International Federation of Health Record Organizations (IFHRO), 1986.
[22] F. Erawantini, A. L. Suryana, and K. Afandi, Rekam Kesehatan Elektronik dengan Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). Jember, Indonesia: UPT Penerbitan & Percetakan Universitas Jember, 2021.
[23] Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia, Manual Rekam Medis. Jakarta, Indonesia: Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia, 2006.
[24] V. Yoga, B. Jaka, and Yanti, “Analisis kesiapan penerapan rekam medis elektronik (RME) di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang,” B Dent: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 71–82, 2021.
[25] R. A. Siregar, “Penerapan Permenkes Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang rekam medis terhadap efektivitas pelayanan kesehatan,” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1–12, 2024.
[26] Republik Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Jakarta, Indonesia, 2023.
[27] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Klasifikasi dan Perizinan Rumah Sakit. Jakarta, Indonesia, 2020.
[28] A. Almarzouqi, A. Aburayya, and S. A. Salloum, “Determinants predicting the electronic medical record adoption in healthcare: A SEM-Artificial Neural Network approach,” PLOS ONE, vol. 17, no. 8, Art. no. e0272735, 2022, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272735.
[29] H. Saleh, C. S. Lundborg, and M. Sharma, “Perceived benefits and barriers of medical doctors regarding electronic medical record systems in an Indian private-sector healthcare facility,” BMC Health Services Research, vol. 25, no. 1, 2025.
[30] R. Yulida, L. Lazuardi, and A. A. P. Pertiwi, “Tantangan implementasi rekam medis elektronik berdasarkan dimensi sumber daya manusia di RSGM Prof. Soedomo Yogyakarta,” in Prosiding Diskusi Ilmiah: Inovasi dan Teknologi Informasi untuk Mendukung Kinerja PMIK dalam Masa Pandemi Covid-19, 2021.
[31] M. Amin, W. Setyonugroho, and N. Hidayah, “Implementasi rekam medik elektronik: Sebuah studi kualitatif,” JATISI (Jurnal Teknik Informatika dan Sistem Informasi), vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 430–442, 2021, doi: 10.35957/jatisi.v8i1.557.
[32] F. Maawati, D. I. Iswanti, I. M. M. Y. Saifudin, and B. Dedi, “Nurses perception towards electronic medical records system: An integrative review of barriers and facilitators,” Iranian Journal of Public Health, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 62–73, 2025.
[33] I. K. G. Wirantaja and G. S. Darma, “Determinan kesuksesan implementasi rekam medis elektronik rumah sakit,” Medicina, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 66–72, 2023.
[34] I. Agustiany, R. Andriani, and A. D. Suwardhani, “Efektivitas kualitas rekam medis elektronik dalam upaya meningkatkan produktivitas dan manajemen keselamatan pasien: Studi kualitatif di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak (RSIA) Mutiara Putri, Bandar Lampung,” Intisari Sains Medis, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1061–1064, 2024, doi: 10.15562/ism.v15i3.2158.
[35] M. Fishbein and I. Ajzen, Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA, USA: Addison-Wesley, 1975.
[36] I. Ajzen, “The theory of planned behavior,” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 179–211, 1991.
[37] F. D. Davis, R. P. Bagozzi, and P. R. Warshaw, “User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models,” Management Science, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 982–1003, 1989.
[38] Jogiyanto, Sistem Informasi Keperilakuan, rev. ed. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Andi, 2008.
[39] V. Venkatesh and F. D. Davis, “A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies,” Management Science, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 186–204, 2000.
[40] V. Venkatesh and H. Bala, “Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions,” Decision Sciences, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 273–315, 2008.
[41] V. Venkatesh, M. G. Morris, G. B. Davis, and F. D. Davis, “User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view,” MIS Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 425–478, 2003.
[42] A. A. AlQudah, M. Al-Emran, and K. Shaalan, “Technology acceptance in healthcare: A systematic review,” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 22, Art. no. 10537, 2021, doi: 10.3390/app112210537.
[43] A. Pratama, S. Z. Wulandari, and D. L. Indyastuti, “Analisis Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) pada penggunaan aplikasi PLN Daily (studi empiris pada pegawai PLN UP3 Tegal),” INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 355–368, 2022.
[44] T. M. Mulki, Mundakir, P. F. Wiliyanarti, and A. Fahrudda, “Exploring determinants of electronic medical record (EMR) acceptance using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM): A systematic literature review,” MAGNA MEDIKA: Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, vol. 13, no. 1, 2026, doi: 10.26714/magnamed.13.1.2026.
[45] A. D. Walle et al., “Predicting healthcare professionals’ acceptance towards electronic personal health record systems in a resource-limited setting: Using modified technology acceptance model,” BMJ Health & Care Informatics, vol. 30, no. 1, Art. no. e100707, 2023.
[46] R. Belrado, Harmendo, and S. Wahab, “Analisis penggunaan rekam medis elektronik di rumah sakit,” Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1779–1798, 2024, doi: 10.37287/jppp.v6i4.3039.
[47] L. Nuramalia, Purwadhi, and R. Andriani, “Pengaruh penerapan sistem informasi manajemen rumah sakit dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan Rumah Sakit Khusus Paru Kabupaten Karawang,” Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 8915–8928, 2023.
[48] A. Rohendi, H. Widyatmojo, and B. Wahyudi, “Pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja tenaga kesehatan pada Klinik Demam RS Primaya Karawang,” Jurnal Manajemen Rumah Sakit, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 15–22, 2023.
[49] E. Komara, E. Syaodih, and R. Andriani, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Bandung, Indonesia: PT Refika Aditama, 2022.
[50] Unit Rekam Medik RS Mitra Medika Pontianak, “Data kelengkapan pengisian rekam medis elektronik (pengkajian pasien oleh dokter) semester I tahun 2026,” internal document, unpublished, 2026.
[51] Sugiyono, Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung, Indonesia: Alfabeta, 2019.
[52] A. Nugraha, R. Andriani, and W. Bagenda, “Optimalisasi pelayanan bank darah RS Hermina Sukabumi melalui implementasi lean hospital sistem informasi bank darah,” Journal of Borneo Holistic Health, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 208–219, Dec. 2025.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Research of Service Administration Health and Sains Healthys agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Â
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
