Analisis Pemerolehan Bahasa Kedua (Bahasa Indonesia) Pada Anak Usia Dini Dari Keluarga Multietnis: Kajian Fonologi Dan Sintaksis

Lalu  Marzoan; Tuti  Alawiyah

doi:10.58258/bs643654

Authors

Lalu Marzoan STKIP HAMZAR
Tuti Alawiyah STKIP Hamzar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58258/bs643654

Keywords:

second language acquisition, early childhood, multilingual family, phonology, syntax

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the acquisition of Indonesian as a second language in early childhood from multilingual families, focusing on phonological and syntactic aspects. The research was conducted at PAUD Adzkiya Lombok Utara in Group A, which consisted of 15 children. Multilingual families present a unique social context where children are exposed to more than one mother tongue from parents of different ethnic backgrounds, significantly influencing the second language acquisition process. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subject is a 4-year-old child (initial RA) from a multilingual family (Javanese-Bugis intermarriage) who uses Indonesian as a second language after the regional languages of each parent. Data collection was conducted through participatory observation, recording daily conversations, and interviews with parents. Data analysis used phonetic transcription techniques and syntactic structure analysis based on psycholinguistic theory (Chaer, 2019). The results show that at the phonological level, the child experiences difficulties in pronouncing certain consonants, such as /r/ changing to /l/ and /s/ changing to /c/, which is influenced by the sounds of the first language that have no equivalent in Indonesian. At the syntactic level, the child has been able to form simple and compound sentences, as well as produce declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences appropriate for their age (Zahra & Baadillah, 2024). Family environmental factors, intensity of exposure to Indonesian, and parental consistency in using the second language are the main determinants of successful language acquisition (Noviyanti, 2020). The novelty of this research lies in its integrated case-study analysis of phonological and syntactic acquisition within a single child exposed to two distinct first languages simultaneously, an approach rarely used in previous studies that examine these two linguistic levels separately or focus on monolingual first-language contexts. This research contributes to understanding the dynamics of second language acquisition in children from multilingual backgrounds and its implications for early childhood education.

Abstract Views 137PDF Downloads 33

References

A'ban, J. G. (2022). Pemerolehan Bahasa Indonesia sebagai Bahasa Kedua pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di Kecamatan Gandangbatu Sillanan Kabupaten Tana Toraja; Tinjauan Psikolinguistik. Thesis, Universitas Hasanuddin.

Apriana, A., & Sutrisno, A. (2025). Sibling Effects Phenomenon Portrayed in The English Language Production of Indonesian Multilingual Children. Disertasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Chaer, A. (2019). Psikolinguistik Kajian Teoretik. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Difani, F. (2020). Pemerolehan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini pada Keluarga Multietnik (Perkawinan Campuran Jawa-Palembang). Skripsi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

Hasmiati, H., & Juanda, J. (2023). Pemerolehan Kedwibahasaan Anak Usia Dini Kampung Transmigrasi Desa Buana Sakti Kabupaten Mamuju. Eprints UNM.

Maulidiyah, L., Fahriany, F., & Deni, R. (2020). Verbal Communication in Bahasa Indonesia: A Case Study on Abay (A Five-Year-Old Child). Jurnal UNTAG Surabaya.

Moleong, L. J. (2019). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Edisi Revisi). Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.

Mori, S. (2026). Factors Affecting the Successful Transmission and Active Use of Minority Languages in a Multilingual Family. Researchmap.

Noviyanti, S. D. (2020). Peran Orangtua dalam Pemerolehan Bahasa Kedua pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pasca UIN KHAS Jember.

Nurmala, A., & Hartono, R. (2023). Keterlibatan Orangtua Dalam Menstimulasi Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini Di Kabupaten Batang. Fakultas Psikologi.

Prameswari, A., & Pratiwi, E. (2024). Analisis Kemampuan Berbahasa Indonesia Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Melalui Dongeng Ke' Lesap. Journal Trunojoyo.

Rafiyanti, F. (2021). Pemerolehan Morfologi dan Sintaksis pada Anak Usia 2-4 Tahun (Kajian Psikolinguistik). Konfiks: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(2), 53-62.

Rahayu, E. (2024). Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Suardi, I. P., Ramadhan, S., & Asri, Y. (2019). Pemerolehan Bahasa Pertama pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 265.

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sulastri, M. (2023). Perkembangan Bahasa sebagai Sistem Kognitif Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Transformasi, 8, 120-125.

Swastyastu, L. T. J. (2020). Manfaat Media Pembelajaran dalam Pemerolehan Bahasa Kedua Anak Usia Dini. Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri Denpasar.

Ummah, W. S. (2025). Pemerolehan Bahasa Kedua pada Anak dalam Konteks Lingkungan Keluarga. Skripsi, UIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon.

Wati, D. R. (2016). Sendi Sintaksis dalam Pemerolehan Bahasa Pertama (Sebuah Studi Kasus). PRASASTI: Conference Series, 239-243.

Wulandari, D. I. (2018). Pemerolehan Bahasa Indonesia Anak Usia 3-5 Tahun di PAUD LESTARI Desa Blimbing Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan. Linguistik Forum, 2(1).

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Yuniarni, D., Halida, H., Amalia, A., Solichah, N., & Satwika, P. A. (2023). Pengembangan Buku Saku: Pendampingan Orang Tua untuk Optimalisasi Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini di Era Digital. Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(5), 5767-5778.

Zahra, A. I., & Baadillah, I. (2024). Pemerolehan Bahasa pada Tataran Sintaksis Anak Usia Dini. Murhum: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 437-452.